I-Device Protection Device
Idivayisi yokuvikela i-Surge (noma ifushanisiwe njenge-SPD) ayisiwona umkhiqizo owaziwa ngumphakathi. Umphakathi uyazi ukuthi ikhwalithi yamandla iyinkinga enkulu emphakathini wethu lapho kusetshenziswa kakhulu ama-elekthronikhi noma izinto ezibucayi zikagesi. Bayazi nge-UPS ezinganikeza ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okungaphazamiseki. Bayayazi i-voltage stabilizer okuyinto, njengoba negama layo lisikisela, izinza noma ilawule ugesi. Kodwa-ke iningi labantu, lijabulela ukuphepha okulethwa wukuvikelwa kokuhlinzwa, akuboni ngisho nokuthi likhona.
Satshelwa kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuthi uxhume yonke into esebenza ngogesi ngesikhathi sokuduma kwezulu kungenjalo umbani ungahamba ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo ulimaze nemikhiqizo kagesi.
Yebo, umbani ngempela kuyingozi futhi kuyingozi. Nazi ezinye izithombe ezibonisa ukubhujiswa kwayo.
Inkomba yalesi sethulo
Kulungile lokhu kungokwombani. Umbani uhlobene kanjani nedivaysi yokuvikelwa komkhiqizo? Kulesi sihloko, sizonikeza inkulumo ephelele ngalesi sihloko. Sizokwethula:
Ukuvikelwa Kwamabani VS Ukuvikelwa Kokuqapha: Okuhlobene Okwamanje Okuhlukile
Ukuphakama
- Kuyini ukuhamba
- Isizathu esivelayo
- Imiphumela yokuphuma
Idivaysi Yokuvikelwa Ekhulayo (SPD)
- Incazelo
- Umsebenzi
- Izicelo
- Izingxenye: GDT, MOV, TVS
- Ukwahlukanisa
- Amapharamitha Okhiye
- Ukufakwa
- AmaZinga
Isingeniso
Lo mbhalo uthatha ukuthi umfundi akanalo ulwazi lwangemuva ekuvikelweni kokukhuphuka. Okunye okuqukethwe kwenziwa lula ukuze kuqondakale kalula. Sizamile ukudlulisela isisho sobuchwepheshe olimini lwethu lwansuku zonke kodwa ngasikhathi sinye, akunakugwemeka ukuthi sizolahlekelwa ukunemba okuthile.
Futhi kule nkulumo, samukela izinto ezithile zokuvikela ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma ezikhishwe izinkampani ezahlukahlukene zombani / zokuvikela esikuthole emthonjeni womphakathi. Lapha sibabonga ngemizamo yabo yokufundisa umphakathi. Uma kukhona okokuphikisana, sicela uxhumane nathi.
Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi ukuvikelwa kombani nokuvikelwa kokuqhuma akuseyona isayensi eqondile. Isibonelo, siyazi ukuthi umbani uthanda ukushaya izinto ezinde nezikhombe. Yingakho sisebenzisa induku yombani ukuheha umbani nokuvala amandla awo phansi. Kodwa-ke lokhu kungukuthambekela okususelwa emathubeni, hhayi umthetho. Ezimweni eziningi, umbani ushaya ezinye izinto yize kukhona induku yombani ende futhi ekhombe eduze. Isibonelo, i-ESE (Early Streamer Emission) ibhekwa njengefomu ebuyekeziwe yenduku yombani ngakho-ke kufanele isebenze kangcono. Kodwa-ke, ingumkhiqizo onempikiswano enkulu ochwepheshe abaningi abakholelwa futhi abavuma ukuthi awunazinzuzo kunentonga elula yombani. Njengokuvikelwa kokukhuphuka, impikiswano inkulu kakhulu. Izinga le-IEC, eliphakanyiswa kakhulu futhi labhalwa ngochwepheshe baseYurophu, lichaza isimo sombani oqondile njenge-10/350 μs umfutho lapho i-UL ejwayelekile, ehlongozwayo futhi yabhalwa ngongoti baseMelika, ingaluboni ifomu elinjalo lamagagasi.
Ngokombono wethu, ukuqonda kwethu umbani kuzocaca futhi kunembe ekugcineni njengoba senza ucwaningo oluningi ngalo mkhakha. Isibonelo, yonke imikhiqizo yokuvikelwa kokuqhuma kulezi zinsuku ithuthukiswa ngokususelwa kumqondo wokuthi umbani wamanje ungamandla we-waveform single. Kodwa-ke amanye ama-SPD angadlulisa lonke uvivinyo ngaphakathi kwebhu ahluleka endle lapho umbani ushaya empeleni. Ngakho-ke eminyakeni yamuva, ochwepheshe abaningi ngokwengeziwe bakholelwa ukuthi umbani wamanje uyisikhuthazo samafomu amaningi. Lokhu kungukuthuthuka futhi ngokuqinisekile kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kwamadivayisi wokuvikela ukuqhuma athuthukiswe ngokususelwa kulokho.
Kodwa-ke kule ndatshana, sizocubungula izihloko eziphikisanayo. Sizama ukunikeza isingeniso sokuqala kodwa esiphelele, esiphelele sokuvikelwa kokukhuphuka nedivayisi yokuvikela ukuqhuma. Ngakho-ke, ake siqale.
I-1. Ukuvikelwa kwezibani zeVS Protection Surge
Ungase ubuze ukuthi kungani sidinga ukwazi lutho mayelana nokuvikelwa kombane lapho sikhuluma ngokuvikelwa kokuhamba. Yebo, le mibono emibili ihambisana eduze kakhulu nokuqhutshwa komlilo. Sikhuluma okuningi mayelana nesibangela sokuqhuma kwesahluko esilandelayo. Ezinye izinkolelo zikholelwa ukuthi ukuvikelwa komzimba kuyingxenye yokuvikelwa kombane. Lezi zinkolelo zikholelwa ukuthi ukuvikelwa kwemibane kungahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezimbili: ukuvikelwa kwangaphandle kwemibani okuyizinto ezinkulu ezisemkhathini (ukuphela kwe-air), phansi umqhubi nomhlaba wokuvikela ukukhanya kombane okuyiwona mkhiqizo omkhulu ukuvikelwa kombane, noma amandla e-AC / DC ukuhlinzeka noma idatha yedatha / isignali.
Omunye ummeli oqinile walolu hlu ngu-ABB. Kule vidiyo, i-ABB (i-Furse yinkampani ye-ABB) inikeza isethulo esiphezulu sokuvikelwa kombane emibonweni yabo. Ukuze kuvikelwe umbane wesakhiwo esivamile, kufanele kube nokuvikelwa kwangaphandle ukugwema umbane okwamanje emhlabathini nokuvikelwa kwangaphakathi ukuvimbela ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nomugqa wedatha / wesignali kusuka ekulimaleni. Futhi kule vidiyo, i-ABB ikholelwa ukuthi izinto zokugcina umoya / abaqhubi / izinto zomhlaba ziwumkhiqizo ikakhulukazi okhanyayo ngqo kanye nedivaysi yokuvikelwa ngokubambisana ikakhulukazi ekuvikeleni kombani ongekho ngqo (umbani oseduze).
Esinye isingeniso sizama ukuqukatha ukuvikelwa kombane ngaphakathi kokuvikeleka kwangaphandle. Esinye sezizathu zokwenza umehluko ngaleyo ndlela ukuthi isigaba sangaphambili singase sidukise umphakathi ukuba sicabange ukuthi ukukhuphuka kubangelwa ukukhanya okungekho iqiniso. Ngokusekelwe kuzibalo, kuphela i-20% yokukhuphuka ibangelwa umbani futhi i-80% ye-surges ibangelwa isici ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Ungabona ukuthi kule vidiyo yokuvikelwa ngombani, ayikhulumi lutho ngokuvikelwa komkhumbi.
Ukuvikelwa ngombani kuyisimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi ehilela imikhiqizo eminingi ehlukene. Ukuvikelwa kokuqapha kuyingxenye yesistimu yokuvikelwa kombane. Kubathengi abavamile, akudingekile ukumba engxoxweni yezifundo. Ngemuva kwalokho, njengoba sisho, ukuvikelwa kombane akuseyona isayensi eqondile. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kungase kungabi yindlela ye-100% ebonakalayo elula yokuqonda ukuvikelwa kombane kanye nobuhlobo bayo nedivayisi yokuvikelwa kokuphuma.
Lightning Protection
Ukuvikelwa Ngaphandle Kwesikhanyiso
- I-Air Terminal
- Conductor
- Okunye
- Ukukhishwa kwangaphandle
Ukuvikelwa Kwangaphakathi Kwamabani
- Ukukhishwa kwangaphakathi
- Ukubambisana kwe-Equipotential
- I-Device Protection Device
Ngaphambi kokuqeda lesi sigaba, sizokwethula umqondo wokugcina: ukukhanya kwesibani. Ngokuyinhloko kusho ukuthi ukushaywa komlilo kaningi kangakanani endaweni ethile. Ngakwesokudla kukhona ibalazwe lomhlaba wokushaywa ngombani womhlaba.
Kungani ukuqina kwesibani kubalulekile?
- Kusukela ekuthengiseni nakwephuzu lokumaketha, indawo enezibani eziphakeme kakhulu inezidingo ezinamandla zokukhanyisa nokuvikelwa kokuqhuma.
- Kusuka kuphuzu lobuchwepheshe, i-SPD efakwe endaweni ephakeme yokukhanyisa umbani kufanele ibe nomthamo wamanje wokukhuphuka. I-50kA SPD ingase iphile iminyaka engu-5 eYurophu kepha iphela iminyaka engu-1 ePhilippines.
Izimakethe ezinkulu zeProsurge yiNyakatho Melika, iNingizimu Melika ne-Asia. Njengoba sikwazi ukubona kuleli mephu, lezi zimakethe zonke ziwela ngaphansi kwendawo yokushaywa umbani ophakeme. Lokhu kuwubufakazi obunamandla bokuthi idivayisi yethu yokuvikelwa kokukhuphuka iphezulu yekhwalithi ye-premium futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingakwazi ukusinda ezindaweni ezibhekene nemivimbo eminingi. Chofoza uphinde uhlole amanye amaphrojekthi ethu okuvikelwa kokuqhubekela phambili emhlabeni jikelele.
I-2. Ukuphakama
Yebo, sizokhuluma kabanzi ngama-surges kulesi seshini. Yize sisebenzise igama elithi surge izikhathi eziningi esimisweni esedlule, kepha asikaliniki incazelo efanelekile okwamanje. Futhi kunokungaqondani okuningi ngaleli gama.
Kuyini ukuqhuma?
Nanka amanye amaqiniso ayisisekelo mayelana nama-surges.
- Ukuphakama, isikhathi eside, i-Spike: Ukukhuphuka okwesikhashana emanzini noma emotweni esiteshini kagesi.
- Kwenzeka ku-millisecond (1 / 1000) noma ngisho ne-microsecond (1 / 1000000).
- Ukuphakama akuyona i-TOV (Isikhathi Sokuvinjelwa Kwesikhashana).
- Ukuphakama kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yokulimala kwemishini nokubhujiswa. I-31% yemonakalo yemishini ye-elektroniki noma ukulahlekelwa kungenxa yokuqhubekela phambili. (umthombo ovela ku-ABB)
Ukuphakama kwe-VS Overvoltage
Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ukuqhuma kungukuvota ngokweqile. Njengesithombe esingenhla sibonisa, lapho ama-voltage spikes, kukhona ukuqhuma. Yebo, lokhu kuyaqondakala kepha akunembile, futhi kudukisa kakhulu. Ukuqubuka kunguhlobo lokuchithwa ngokweqile kepha ukuqhuma ngokweqile akukhuphuki. Manje siyazi ukuthi ukuqhuma kwenzeka nge-millisecond (1/1000) noma i-microsecond (1/1000000). Kodwa-ke, i-overvoltage ingahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, imizuzwana, imizuzu ngisho namahora! Kukhona igama elibizwa ngokuthi ukuphelelwa isikhathi okwesikhashana (TOV) ukuchaza lokhu kudonswa kwamandla okuhlala isikhathi eside.
Eqinisweni, hhayi kuphela i-surge ne-TOV akuyona into efanayo, i-TOV futhi ingumbulali omkhulu wedivayisi yokuvikela ukuqhuma. I-SPD esekwe ku-MOV ingasheshe yehlise ukumelana kwayo ize ifike ku-zero lapho kwenzeka ukuqhuma. Kodwa ngaphansi kwamandla kagesi aqhubekayo, isha ngokushesha futhi ngaleyo ndlela idale ingozi enkulu yokuphepha. Sizokhuluma kabanzi ngalokhu esimisweni sakamuva lapho sethula amadivayisi wokuvikela ukuqhuma.
| Ukweqa Isikhathi Esincane (TOV) | Ukuphakama | |
| Kubangelwa | LV / HV-system amaphutha | umbani noma ukushintsha kwamandla evoltage |
| Ubude besikhathi | Long millisecond kumaminithi ambalwa noma amahora | Short Ama-Microseconds (umbani) noma millisecond (iyashintsha) |
| Isimo se-MOV | Ukubaleka okushisayo | Ukuzibuyisa |
Yini Ebangela Ukunyuka?
Lezi ezinye zezimbangela ezivame ukuvunywa:
- Ukushaywa Kwesikhanyane Ngodonga Lombani
- Ukushaywa Kwamabani Emgwaqweni Ongokoqobo
- Induction ye-electromagnetic
- Ukushintsha Ukusebenza (okuvame kakhulu okwamanje ngamandla aphansi)
Singabona ukuthi ezinye zihlobene nezibani futhi ezinye azikho. Nansi umdwebo wama-surges ahlobene nombane.
Noma kunjalo qhubeka ukhumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke ama-surges abangelwa umbani ngakho-ke hhayi kuphela ekudumazeni ukuthi izixhobo zakho zingase zibhujiswe.
Imiphumela Ye-Surge
Ukudlondlobala kungaletha umonakalo omkhulu futhi kususelwa kwizibalo, amandla kagesi abiza izinkampani zase-US ngaphezulu kwe- $ 80 billion / ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke lapho sihlola imiphumela yokwanda, asikwazi ukukhawulela ekuboneni okubonakalayo kuphela. Empeleni, ukukhuphuka kuletha imiphumela emi-4 ehlukene:
- Ukubhujiswa
- Ukulimala: Ukuwohloka okuncane kokuhamba kwangaphakathi. Ukuhluleka kwemishini ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile okubangelwa ukuqhutshwa kwezinga eliphansi eliqhubekayo, alibhubhisi imishini ngesikhathi esisodwa kodwa isikhathi esengeziwe siyayichitha.
- Ukuphumula: ukulahlekelwa komkhiqizo noma idatha ebalulekile
- Ingozi Yokuphepha
Ngakwesokudla yividiyo lapho ochwepheshe bezokuvikela ukuqhubekela phambili benza uvivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi yokuvikelwa komkhumbi ingavimbela kanjani ngempela imikhiqizo kagesi kusukela ekubhujisweni kokuya. Ungabona ukuthi uma i-SPD yesitimela i-DIN isusiwe, umenzi wekhofi uqhuma uma ehlaselwa ngokuqhutshwa kombhola.
Le ntshumayelo yevidiyo imangalisa ngempela. Kodwa-ke, okunye kokulimala kokuqhuma akubonakali kangako futhi kuyamangaza kepha kusibiza kakhulu, isibonelo, isikhathi sokuphumula esilethayo. Isithombe inkampani ibhekene nesikhathi sokuphumula usuku lonke, kungaba yini izindleko zalokho?
Ukukhuleka akugcini nje ukuletha ukulahlekelwa kwempahla, kodwa futhi kuletha ingozi yokuphepha.
Ingozi eyingozi kunazo zonke emlandweni wezitimela esiphezulu seChina ibangelwa umbani nokuqhuma. Ngaphezulu kwezidumbu ze-200.
Umbani waseShayina nomshini wokuvuthwa waqala ngo-1989 ngemuva kwengozi yokuqhuma umlilo emlilweni ogcinwe ngotshani ngenxa yombane. Futhi kubangele ukulimala okuningi.
I-3. I-Device Protection Protection / I-Surge Device Protective
Ngolwazi oluyisisekelo lokukhanyisa / ukukhuphuka kokukhuphuka nokuphakama okuvezwe kusikhathi esedlule, sizofunda kabanzi mayelana nedivayisi yokuvikelwa kokuphuma. Okumangalisa ukuthi kufanele ibizwe ngokuthi iDiski Protective Device esekelwe wonke amadokhumende namazinga asemthethweni asemthethweni. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi, ngisho nabachwepheshe emkhakheni wokuvikela ukuqhubekela phambili bafana nokusebenzisa idivayisi yokuvikelwa kwesikhathi. Mhlawumbe ngoba kuzwakale kakhulu njengolimi lwansuku zonke.
Ngokuyinhloko ungabona izinhlobo ezimbili zokuvikelwa kokunyuka emakethe njengezansi ngezithombe zobukiso. Qaphela ukuthi izithombe azikho ku-acutal isilinganiso sento. Uhlobo lwe-Panel uhlobo lwe-Panel luvame kakhulu ngobukhulu kune-DIN-rain SPD.
Uhlobo lwePhaneli Uhlobo Lokuvikelwa Kwesisindo
Kuthandwa ku-Standard Standard ye-UL
I-DIN-isitimela Sokuvikela Isivinini Sokuvikela
Kuthandwa ku-IEC Standard Market
Manje iyini ngempela idivayisi yokuvikela ukuqhuma? Njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, kuyidivayisi evikela kuma-surges. Kodwa kanjani? Ingabe kuqeda ukwanda? Ake sibheke umsebenzi wedivayisi yokuvikela ukuqhuma (SPD). Singasho ukuthi i-SPD isetshenziselwa ukuguqula amandla we-voltage amaningi namanje ngokuphepha phansi ngaphambi kokuba ifinyelele kwimishini evikelwe. Singasebenzisa imishini yokuvikela ukuqhuma ebhodini ukubona ukusebenza kwayo.
Ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kokunyuka
I-voltage kuze kufike ku-4967V futhi izolimaza imishini evikelwe
With Protection Surge
Iphethini inqunyelwe ku-352V
I-SPD isebenza kanjani?
I-SPD iyinhlangano evuthayo. Ukumelana kwawo kwanciphisa kakhulu njengoba ukwanda kwamandla. Ungacabanga i-SPD njengesango bese ukhula njengesikhukhula. Ngaphansi kwesimo esivamile, isango livalekile kepha lapho kubona ukuqhuma kwamandla kagesi kufika, isango livuleka ngokushesha ukuze ukuqhuma kungasuswa. Kuzobekwa kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo esimweni esiphakeme sokungaphelelwa yisikhathi ngemuva kokuphela kokuphuma.
I-SPD ithatha ukuqhuma ukuze imishini evikelwe ingaphila. I-overtime, i-SPD izofika ekupheleni kokuphila ngenxa yezinsizwa eziningi eziqhubekayo. Kuzidela ngokwayo ngakho imishini evikelwe ingaphila.
Isiphetho sokuphela kwe-SPD ukudela.
Izindleko zokuvikela ukukhuphuka
Kulesi sikhathi, sizokhuluma ngezakhi ze-SPD. Ngokuyinhloko, kunezinto ezinkulu ze-4 ze-SPD: i-spark gap, i-MOV, i-GDT ne-TVS. Lezi zingxenye zinezici ezahlukahlukene nokho zonke zisebenza umsebenzi ofanayo: ziqonda isimo esijwayelekile, ukumelana kwazo kukhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi awekho amanje angalandela okwamanje ngaphansi kwesimo sokumelana nokumelana kwabo kwehle kuye kucishe kube zero ukuze amandla okuqhuma akwazi ukudlulela phansi esikhundleni ukugelezela ezikhungweni ezivikelwe ezansi nomfula. Kungakho sibiza lezi zingxenye ezi-4 okungezona eziqondile. Kodwa-ke banokungezwani futhi singabhala enye indatshana ukukhuluma ngomehluko wabo. Kepha okwamanje, konke esidinga ukukwazi ukuthi bonke basebenza umsebenzi ofanayo: ukuphambukisela kumsinga wokuqhubekela phansi.
Ake sibheke lezi zingxenye zokuvikela ukuqhuma.
I-Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)
I-Component Eyona Iningi Ejwayelekile
I-Tube Yokukhishwa Kwegesi (GDT)
Ingasetshenziswa ku-Hybrid nge-MOV
I-Transient Surge Suppressor (i-TVS)
Kuthandwa ku-Data / Signal SPD ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu
I-Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) ne-Evolution yayo
I-MOV yingxenye ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-SPD ngakho-ke sizokhuluma kabanzi ngayo. Into yokuqala okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-MOV ayiyona ingxenye ephelele.
Ebizwa ngokujwayelekile kwe-zinc oxide eqhuba uma ibonakala ngokweqile okudlula isilinganiso sayo, ama-MOV anesikhathi sokuphila esiphelele futhi ahlaziywe lapho evezwa eziningana ezikhudlwana zokuqhuma noma eziningana ezincane ezincane, futhi ekugcineni azofinyeleleka emhlabathini enze ukuphela kokuphila isimo. Lesi simo sizokwenza ukuthi ikhefu lesifunda lihambe noma isixhumanisi esihlanganisiwe sokuvula. Izikhathi ezincane zingabangela ukuba ingxenye ivuleke futhi ngaleyo ndlela idale ukuphela kobudlova okwedlulele ekwenzeni ngokwayo. I-MOV ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukucindezela ukukhuphuka okutholakala emiphaketheni yamandla we-AC.
Kule vidiyo ye-ABB, banikeza umfanekiso ocacile wokuthi i-MOV isebenza kanjani.
Abakhiqizi be-SPD benza okuningi ucwaningo ngokuphepha kwe-SPD futhi umsebenzi omningi kangaka ukuxazulula inkinga yokuphepha ye-MOV. I-MOV ishintshiwe phakathi neminyaka eyi-2 edlule. Manje sibuyekeze i-MOV njengo-TMOV (ngokuvamile i-MOV enefomu lokufaka ngaphakathi) noma i-TPMOV (i-MOV evikelwe ngomoya) okuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwayo. I-Prosurge, njengomkhiqizi we-TPMOV ohola phambili, inikeze imizamo yethu ekusebenzeni kangcono kwe-MOV.
I-SMTMOV ye-Prosurge ne-PTMOV yizinhlobo ezimbili ezibuyekeziwe ze-MOV yendabuko. Ziyizinto ezihluleka ukuphepha futhi ezivikelekile ezitholwe yi-SPD enkulu ezakha ukwakha imikhiqizo yazo yokuvikela ukuqhuma.
25kA TPMOV
50kA / 75kA TPMOV
Amazinga Wokuvikelwa Kwamadivayisi Wokuvikela
Ngokuvamile, kunezindinganiso ezimbili ezinkulu: izinga le-IEC kanye ne-UL evamile. I-UL standard isebenza kakhulu eNyakatho Melika nakwezinye izingxenye eNingizimu Melika nasePhilippines. I-standard ye-IEC ngokucacile iyasebenza kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ngisho ne-Chinese standard GB 18802 iyaboleka kusuka ku-IEC 61643-11 standard.
Kungani singenakuba nezinga lendawo yonke emhlabeni jikelele? Yebo, enye yencazelo ukuthi ochwepheshe baseYurophu nabachwepheshe base-US banemibono engafani ngokuqonda kombani nokuqhuma.
Ukuvikelwa kokukhuphuka kusekhona indaba eguqukayo. Isibonelo, kwangaphambilini akukho i-standard esemthethweni ye-IEC ku-SPD esetshenziswe ku-DC / PV. IEC ekhona i-61643-11 iwukuphela kokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi. Kodwa manje sesinezinga elisha elisha le-IEC 61643-31 le-SPD elisetshenziswe ku-DC / PV.
IEC Market
IEC 61643-11 (AC Power System)
IEC 61643-32 (DC Power System)
IEC 61643-21 (Idatha & Isiginali)
EN 50539-11 = IEC 61643-32
UL Market
UL 1449 4th Edition (Kokubili i-AC ne-DC Power System)
I-UL 497B (Idatha nesiginali)
Ukufakwa Kokufakwa Kwedivayisi Yokuvikela
Yebo, lokhu kungaba yisikhathi esilula kakhulu ukubhala ngakho ngoba isiphakamiso sethu singukuthi ungaya ku-Youtube ngoba kunamavidiyo amaningi mayelana nokufakwa kwe-SPD, kungaba yi-DIN-rail SPD noma i-SPD yephaneli. Yebo, ungabheka izithombe zethu zephrojekthi ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana. Kuphawulwe ukuthi ukufakwa kwesidingo sokuvikela ukuqhuma kufanele kwenziwe ngumfakisi osebenzayo / onikwe amalayisensi.
Izigaba zokuLawulwa kweziDivayisi zokuVikela
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhlukanisa idivayisi yokuvikelwa kokukhuphuka.
- Ngokufakwa: I-DIN-rail SPD VS Panel SPD
- Nge Standard: IEC Standard VS UL Standard
- Nge-AC / DC: I-AC Power SPD i-VS DC Power SPD
- Ngendawo: Thayipha i-1 / 2 / 3 SPD
Sizokwethula ngemininingwane ukuhlukaniswa kwe-UL 1449 ejwayelekile. Ngokuyisisekelo, ku-UL ejwayelekile uhlobo lwe-SPD lunqunywa indawo yalo yokufaka. Uma ungathanda ukufunda kabanzi, siphakamisa ukuthi ufunde le ndatshana eshicilelwe yi-NEMA.
Futhi sithola i-video kwi-Youtube ethunyelwe nguJeff Cox enikeza isingeniso esicacile kakhulu sezinhlobo ezahlukene kudivayisi yokuvikelwa.
Nazi ezinye izithombe zedivayisi yokuvikela ye-1 / 2 / 3 ku-standard e-UL.
Thayipha idivayisi ye-1 Yokuvikelwa Kwesisindo: Umzila Wokuqala Wokuzivikela
Kufakwe ngaphandle kwesakhiwo ekungeneni kwensizakalo
Thayipha idivayisi ye-2 Yokuvikelwa Kwesisindo: Second Line of Defense
Kufakwe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo kwipaneli legatsha
Thayipha idivayisi ye-3 Yokuvikelwa Kwesisindo: I-Last Line of Defense
Ngokuvamile ubhekisela ku-Surge Strip ne-Receptacle efakwe eceleni kwemishini evikelwe
Kuqaphele ukuthi izinga le-IEC 61643-11 nalo lamukela amagama afana nohlobo lwe-1 / 2 / 3 SPD noma i-Class I / II / III SPD. Le migomo, nakuba ihlukile emibhalweni ye-UL evamile, yabelana ngomgomo ofanayo. I-SPD ye-Class I ithatha amandla okuqala okuqala okuyiwona ama-SPDs anamandla kunawo onke kanye no-Class II no-Class III aphethe amandla asele asele asele anciphile kakade. Ngokubambisana, amadivaysi okuzivikela e-Class I / II / III ahlanganisa izinhlelo ezivikelwe ezihlangene eziningi zokuzivikela ezibhekwa njengeziphumelela kakhulu.
Isithombe ngakwesokudla sikhombisa i-SPD kuwo wonke amazinga ngokufakwa kwezinga le-IEC.
Sizokhuluma kancane ngomehluko owodwa phakathi kohlobo 1/2/3 kuzinga le-UL nele-IEC elijwayelekile. Ezingeni le-IEC, kunetemu elibizwa nge-lightning impulse current futhi uphawu lwayo luyi-Iimp. Kokulingisa kokushaywa wumbani oqondile namandla alo akuhlobo lwegagasi lika-10/350. Thayipha i-1 SPD kuzinga le-IEC kumele ikhombise abakhiqizi bayo be-Iimp ne-SPD ngokujwayelekile basebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-spark gap bohlobo 1 SPD njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-spark gap buvumela i-Iimp ephakeme kunobuchwepheshe be-MOV ngosayizi ofanayo. Noma kunjalo igama elithi Iimp alibonwa yizinga le-UL.
Okunye okunye umehluko oyisihluthulelo ukuthi i-SPD ejwayelekile ye-IEC ngokuvamile i-DIN-rail ihlanganiswe okwamanje i-SPD ku-standard standard ye-UL inama-hard drive noma ipaneli iphakanyisiwe. Babukeka behlukile. Nazi ezinye izithombe ze-IEC standard SPD.
Thayipha i-1 / I-Class I SPD
Umzila Wokuqala Wokuzivikela
Thayipha i-2 / i-Class II SPD
Umgudu wesibili wokuvikela
Thayipha i-3 / i-Class III SPD
Umzila Wokugcina Wokuzivikela
Ngokuqondene nezinye izigaba, singazichaza kamuva kwezinye izihloko njengoba kungase kube eside kakhulu. Njengamanje, konke okudingeka ukwazi ukuthi i-SPD ihlukaniswa yizinhlobo zombili kumazinga we-UL ne-IEC.
Izingqikithi ezibalulekile zeDivaysi Yokuvikelwa Kwesisindo
Uma ubheka idivaysi yokuvikela ukuqhuma, uzobona amapharamitha amaningi ekumaka kwawo, ngokwesibonelo, i-MCOV, i-In, Imax, i-VPR, i-SCCR. Zisho ukuthini futhi kungani zibalulekile? Yebo, kulesi seshini, sizokhuluma ngakho.
I-voltage yomthamo (i-Un)
Okuzisho ukuthi 'kuqanjwe igama'. Ngakho-ke i-voltage yokuzisholo amandla 'aqanjwe igama'. Isibonelo, amandla kagesi ohlelo lokuphakelwa emazweni amaningi angama-220 V. Kodwa inani layo langempela livunyelwe ukuhluka phakathi kobubanzi obuncane.
I-Voltage Continuous Operating Voltage (i-MCOV / Uc)
Umthamo ophakeme kakhulu wendiza idivayisi izovumela ukuba idlule ngokuqhubekayo. I-MCOV ngokuvamile i-1.1-1.2 isikhathi esiphezulu kune-Un. Kodwa endaweni enegridi yamandla engazinzile, umthamo uzohamba kakhulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela kufanele ukhethe i-MCOV SPD ephakeme. Ku-220V Un, amazwe aseYurophu angakhetha i-250V MCOV SPD kodwa kwezinye izimakethe njengeNdiya, sincoma i-MCOV 320V noma i-385V. Isaziso: I-Voltage ngaphezu kwe-MCOV ibizwa ngokuthi i-Temporary Overvoltage (TOV). Ngaphezulu kwe-90% ye-SPD yokushiswa ingenxa ye-TOV.
I-Voltage Protection Rating (VPR) / Vumela nge-Voltage
Kungumthamo ophakeme wamandla i-SPD ozovumela ukuthi udlule uye kudivayisi evikelekile futhi yiqiniso ukuthi aphansi angcono. Isibonelo, idivayisi evikelwe ingamelana nobukhulu obungama-800V. Uma i-VRP ye-SPD ingu-1000V, idivayisi evikelwe izolimala noma yehliswe.
Ukuphakama kwamandla okwamanje
Yisilinganiso esiphezulu samanje sokuhluma i-SPD engakwazi ukugxumela phansi ngesikhathi somcimbi wokuhluma futhi iyinkomba yesikhathi sokuphila se-SPD. Isibonelo, i-200kA SPD inesikhathi eside sokuphila kune-100kA SPD ngaphansi kwesimo esifanayo.
Ukukhishwa kwe-Nominal Current (In)
Kuyinani eliphakeme kakhulu lamanje okukhuphuka ngokusebenzisa i-SPD. I-SPD idinga ukuhlala isebenza ngemuva kwe-15 Ku-surges. Kuwuphawu lokuqina kwe-SPD futhi kuyindlela yokwenza i-SPD uma ifakiwe futhi ihambisana nezimo ezisebenza eduze nesimo sangempela sokuphila.
I-Maximum Discharge Current (Imax)
Kuyinani eliphakeme kakhulu lamanje okukhuphuka ngokusebenzisa i-SPD. I-SPD idinga ukuhlala isebenzayo emva kokuphuma kwe-1 Imax. Ngokuvamile, yisikhathi se-2-2.5 senani le-In. Kubuye kube inkomba yokuqina kwe-SPD. Kodwa i-parameter engabalulekile kuneNye ngoba i-Imax isilingo esibucayi futhi esimweni sangempela, ukuvama ngokujwayelekile ngeke kube namandla anjalo. Kuleli pharamitha, iphakeme kakhulu.
Isikhathi esifushane seSikhathi samanje (SCCR)
Yilezi ezingeni eliphakeme lezinsuku ezifushane zesikhashana ukuthi ingxenye noma umhlangano ungakwazi ukumelana futhi uthuthuke kangcono. I-SPDs enkulu yeProsurge yadlula ukuhlola kwe-200kA SCCR ngezinga elijwayelekile le-UL ngaphandle kwe-breaker breaker yangaphandle kanye ne-fuse okuyinto engcono kakhulu embonini.
Izicelo zeDivaysi yeDivaysi Yokuvikela
Amadivaysi okuvikelwa kokuqapha asetshenziselwa kakhulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi kulawo mboni ezibucayi. Ngezansi uhlu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuvikelwa kwe-surge kanye nezixazululo ezilungiselelwe i-Prosurge. Kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza, sibonisa i-SPD edingekayo nezindawo zayo zokufaka. Uma unesithakazelo kunoma yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza, ungachofoza futhi ufunde kabanzi.
Isakhiwo
Uhlelo lweSolar Power / PV
Ukukhanya komgwaqo we-LED
Isiteshi samafutha negesi
Telecom
Ukuveza LED
Ukulawulwa kwezimboni
Uhlelo lwe-CCTV
Isistimu Yokushaja Imoto
I-Wind Turbine
Isitimela System
Isifinyezo
Ekugcineni, sifike ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko. Kulesi sihloko, sikhuluma ngezinto ezithakazelisayo ezifana nokuvikelwa ngombani, ukuvikelwa kwe-surge, ukukhuphuka kanye nokuvikelwa kwedivayisi. Ngithemba ukuthi usuvele uqonda izici zokuvikela idivayisi yokuvikelwa. Kodwa uma ungathanda ukufunda okwengeziwe ngale ndaba, sinamanye ama-athikili esikhwameni sethu semfundo yokuvikelwa kokuqhubekela phambili kwiwebsite yethu.
Futhi ingxenye yokugcina ebaluleke kakhulu yalesi sihloko ukunikeza ukubonga kwethu kulawo makampani abhiqiza amavidiyo amaningi, izithombe, izihloko kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphathelene nokuvikelwa kokuqhuma. Ziyi-forerunner embonini yethu. Ephefumulelwe yibo, sinikeza isabelo sethu futhi.
Uma uthanda lesi sihloko, ungasiza ukuwabelana ngawo!