Indlela yokukhetha idilesi yokukhusela i-surge (SPD)?
Izixhobo zokukhusela (I-SPD) isetyenziselwa ukukhusela izixhobo zombane malunga ne-surges (i-overvoltages) ebangelwa ngumbane okanye utshintshi lwee-oshishino zokusebenza ezinzima (abaninzi abantu banokukungazibali le nto). Kungathatha imvelaphi yobugcisa xa ukhetha ifowuni ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela njengokuba kukho ubuchwepheshe obuhlukeneyo nemimiselo.
Umgangatho we-IEC 61643 uchaza iintlobo ze-3 zokukhusela izixhobo zokukhusela umbane wamandla ombane.
Uhlobo lwe-1 okanye iCandelo I: Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD inokukhupha umbane okhoyo ngoku kwaye ifakwe kwibhodi lokutshintsha kombane xa isakhiwo sikhuselekile kwinkqubo yokukhusela umbane (intonga yombane, phantsi komqhubi kunye nomhlaba).
Uhlobo lwe-2 okanye iCandelo II: Le divayisi yokukhusela (SPD) yenzelwe ukukhupha ngoku ngokuveliswa ngombane ongabonakaliyo obangela ukuba kuqhutywe umbane kwi-network distribution network. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zifakwe kwibala lokushicilela. Uhlobo lwe-2 SPD i-SPD eyaziwayo kakhulu kwiimarike kunye ne-Prosurge ibanika iziqinisekiso ezahlukeneyo.
Uhlobo lwe-3 okanye iCandelo III: Uhlobo lwe-3 SPD lusetyenziswe ukunciphisa ukugqithisa kwii-terminals zezixhobo ezichukumisayo kwaye ngoko ke kunomlinganiselo okhutshanayo wokukhutshwa kwamandla okwangoku.
I-SPD kufuneka ifakwephi?
Thayipha i-2 ifowuni yokukhusela iya kufakwa […]
Ngaba uhlobo lwe-1 SPD lwenza ngcono ngaphezu kohlobo lwe-2 SPD?
Akunjalo. Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD lunikeza ukuxhatshazwa ngokukwazi ukuxhumeka kwicala lomnyango wokungeniswa kweenkonzo, nangona i-UL ayithelekisi ukuqhutyelwa kokubambisana kwe-Type 1 SPD ngokubhekiselele kwi-2 SPD. UL uhlola ukunyanzeliswa kwentsebenzo yazo zonke i-SPD ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle kohlobo lwe-SPD. I-UL iphinda ihlole onke ama-SPD ngokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo yokufakela ekujoliswe kuyo. Ukuqala ngeLL 1449 3rd Uhlobo, Uhlobo lwe-SPD oluvunyelweyo lwe-1 luya kubandakanya izixhobo ezaziwa ngokuba yi-Arresters eziPhezulu zeSigqeba kwaye ziya kubandakanya ezininzi izixhobo ezaziyaziwa njenge-TVSS. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba izixhobo ezininzi zohlobo lwabathathi beeSondari zenziwe nge-MCOV ephezulu (i-Max Maximum Operating Voltage). Kwaye ekubeni isilinganiselo se-MCOV se-SPD sinokuchaphazeleka ngokuthe ngqo ekusebenziseni ukunyanzeliswa komsebenzi, ukukhetha okusemgangathweni kwenkqubo yokhetho lwe-SPD kufuneka kubandakanye ukuqwalaselwa ngokucokisekileyo ukulinganisa okwangoku, ukunyuka kwe-IEEE, i-UL VPR kunye nokulinganisa ubomi.
Ndingafaka kuphi i-SPDs ukukhusela indawo yam?
Akunakwenzeka ukuthintela ukuqhuma kwamanzi ukusuka kwindawo yokufaka indawo yakho okanye ukuba ungene ngaphakathi kwendawo yakho. Xa ukhusela isibonelelo esiphathelene nexesha elide, indlela efanelekileyo yindlela ehlanganiswe ngayo okanye inethiwekhi. Njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo olapha ngezantsi, I-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) iye yaphuhlisa iindidi ezintathu ukuba zonke iziko zingahlukana zibe, indawo yendawo A, B kunye neC. Jonga i-IEEE Standard Standard kunye neC62.41.1 ukuze ulandele phambili.
Udidi A: izibhengezo / izixhobo kunye neesekethe ezide (ngaphakathi) (ubuncinci)
• Zonke iimpahla ezingaphezulu kwe10m (30 ft) ezivela kwiCandelo B
• Zonke izithuba ezingaphezu kwe-20m (60 ft) ukusuka kwiCandelo C
Udidi B: abaxhasi, iifomiti zesebe ezimfutshane kunye neepaneli zesevisi (ngaphakathi)
• Iipaneli zepaneli zokusabalalisa
• Ubhasi kunye nokusasazwa kokutya
• Izixhobo ezinkulu ezisetyenziswayo ezinxibelelwano "ezimfutshane" ekungeneni kwenkonzo
• Iinkqubo zokukhanyisa kwizakhiwo ezinkulu
Icandelo C: imigca engaphandle kunye nomnyango wokungena (ngaphandle)
• Iintsipho zeenkonzo ukusuka kwipolo ukuya kwisakhiwo
• Usebenza phakathi kwemitha kunye nepaneli
• Imigca yoxinzelelo yokuvala isakhiwo
• Imigca engaphantsi kwepompo
Izixhobo zoDidi C lwendawo zingasetyenziswa […]
Ndingakhetha njani i-Prosurge SPD efanele kwisicelo sam?
Nangona senza konke okusemandleni ethu ukuba sinikeze intetho epheleleyo, ecacileyo kwiwebhusayithi yethu, iikhathalogu kunye namanye amaxwebhu, sikholelwa indlela eyona ndlela yokukhetha imodeli kukuthintana nathi ngemfuno yakho kwaye ngoko ubugcisa bethu buya kuphakamisa umzekelo ofanelekileyo.
Ziziphi i-ANSI / UL 1449 Udidi lwesithathu kunye ne-IEC 61643-1 - Ulwahlulo olubalulekileyo ekuhlolweni
Ezi zilandelayo zivavanya ezimbalwa iintlukwano eziphambili phakathi kovavanyo lwe-Underwriters Laboratory (UL) olufunekayo lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela (SPDs); I-ANSI / UL 1449 Udidi lwesithathu kunye neKhomishini ye-International Electrotechnical (IEC) yafuna ukuhlolwa kwe-SPDs, i-IEC 61643-1.
ISigqeba esifutshane samanje (SCCR): Umthamo wamanje apho i-SPD evivinywayo inokumelana neendawo zokugqibela apho ixhunyiwe khona, ngaphandle kokuphulwa kwe-enclosure nganoma yiphi indlela.
UL: Uvavanya umkhiqizo opheleleyo ngokuphindwe kabini kwimizi yokuchonga ukuba ubone ukuba yonke imveliso ayixhasi ngokupheleleyo. Imveliso yonke (njengoko ithunyelwe) ihlolwe; kuquka i-metal oxide varistors (MOVs).
IEC: Uvavanyo lujonge kuphela iimbali kunye nokuxhamla ngokomzimba ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba zikwazi ukulungisa iphoso. Ii-MOV zitshintshiswa ngebhokisi lobhedu kunye nomfaki-foshini ocebisiweyo ufakwa kwi-line (yangaphandle kwisixhobo).
Imax: I-IEC ye-61643-1 - Ixabiso lexabiso elikhoyo ngoku nge-SPD ene-8 / 20 namagagasi kunye nobukhulu ngokulandelelwaniswa kokuvavanywa kovavanyo lwe-class II yokusebenza.
UL: Ayifumkeli isidingo sovavanyo lwe-Imax.
IECUvavanyo lomsebenzi womjikelo wokusebenza usetyenziselwa ukukhwela kwinqanaba le-Imax (elimiselwe ngumvelisi). Oku kwenzelwe ukufumana "amanqaku abangaboni" […]
Indlela yokukhetha ifowuni yokukhusela echanekileyo ekufuneka ifakwe kuyo?
Ukukhetha indawo efanelekileyo yokubambisa (nto) yinto ephambili yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo lofakelo. Inkqubo yokukhusela umbane kunye nenkqubo yokukhuseleka inokukhokelela ekwaluphaleni kwangoko kwe-SPD kunye nokusilela okunokubakho kwezixhobo zokukhusela kufakelo ezivumela ukonakala kweenkqubo eziphambili zokuhamba komjelo, ngaloo ndlela boyise izizathu ezisemva kokhuseleko olufakiweyo.
I-Prosurge ayinikezeli uluhlu lwemiqathango kunye nezikhokelo zokuxhasa ukusetyenziswa okungalungileyo kwenkqubo yokukhusela ngokubhekiselele kwisicelo. Nangona kunjalo silandela i-IEC kunye ne-UL nombane wokukhusela. Ngale ngqondweni sinikezela inkqubo ye-cascade njengoko ilawulwe kwimimiselo yomgangatho, kungekhona imithetho ye-Prosurge.
Kwintsimi yezicelo zoshishino, umgangatho osemgangathweni ukufaka inkqubo yokukhusela i-cascade ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezikhuselekileyo ezikhuselekileyo ezifakwe kwiinqanaba ezahlukeneyo (i-LPZ). Inzuzo yesi si cwangciso kukuba ivumela ukukhutshwa kwamandla aphezulu ekungeneni kokufakelwa kunye ne-low residual voltage (inqanaba lokukhusela) kwi-incom ephezulu yokufakela izixhobo ezibucayi.
Uyilo lwenkqubo yokukhusela enjalo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, lusekwe kuvavanyo lweenkcukacha ezifana nobukho […]
Ngaba umbane ungonakalisa inkqubo ye-photovoltaic?
Iifoto ze-Photovoltaic zibugcisa obukhulu kwaye isitepta sombane ngokucacileyo siya kuyitshabalalisa. Kukho enye ingozi, njengokuba isiteleka sombane singenza umbane ojikelezayo eduze kwenkqubo yombane yamandla kwaye le migodi yokunyuka ingabhubhisa inkqubo. Inverter yindawo ephambili efuna ukukhuselwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaguquli baza kudibanisa abakhuseli bee-voltage kwi-inverters yabo. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ezi zinto zikhupha kuphela amancinci amancinci, kufuneka uqikelele ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokukhusela (SPD) kwiimeko ezithile.
Ngaba udlala iimpawu ezithile kwi-SPD?
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abanye abavelisi baye basebenzisa izilinganiso zokudlala kwiinkcukacha zabo. Ababonwanga njengento efanelekileyo yokubonisa ukusebenza kwe-SPD kwaye ayifumanwanga nayiphi na imibutho ephantsi. Iprosurge ayixhasi le nkcazo kwakhona.
Ngaba "Ixesha leempendulo" lichazwe ngokusemthethweni?
Iimpendulo zexesha lokuphendula azixhaswanga yimibutho yemigangatho ejongene namadivayisi okukhusela ama-Surge Protective Devices. I-EEE C62.62 Inkcazo yoVavanyo oluPhezulu kwii-SPD ezikhankanywe ngokuthethileyo akufanele isetyenziswe njengeenkcukacha.
Zeziphi iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zamandla e-US kunye neemfuno zazo zokhuselo?
Inkqubo yokuhambisa amandla yamandla ase-US yindlela ye-TN-CS. Oku kuthetha ukuba abaqhubi abangekho hlangothi kunye nabasemgangathweni baxhomekeke ekungeneni kwenkonzo nganye, kunye neendawo zonke, iziko okanye i-sub-system. Oku kuthetha ukuba imodi yokukhusela ngaphandle kwe-NG (i-NG) ngaphakathi kwimodi ye-SPD efakwe kwi-panel panel yokungena kwenkonzo iyanqabile. Ukuqhubela phambili kule ngxowankulu ye-NG, njengakwi-panels distribution panel, imfuneko yale ndlela eyongezelelweyo yokukhusela ivumelekile. Ukongeza kwimodi yokukhusela i-NG, ezinye i-SPD zingabandakanya ukungahambisani ne-line (LN) kunye nokukhusela umgca-umgca (LL). Kwiinkqubo ze-WYE zesigaba sesithathu, isidingo sokukhuselwa kwe-LL singathandabuzeki ngokukhuselana kwe-LN ukukhusela kunika umlinganiselo wokukhuselwa kwabaqhubi be-LL.
Utshintsho kuhlelo lwango-2002 lweKhowudi yoMbane kaZwelonke yeNational Electrical Code (NEC ®) (www.nfpa.org) luyekisile ukusetyenziswa kwee-SPDs kwiinkqubo zokusasaza umbane kumanzi angadibaniyo. Unobangela wale ngxelo ibanzi yinjongo yokuba ii-SPDs akufuneki ukuba zixhunyiwe kwi-LG kuba ngokwenza ezi ndlela zokhuseleko zenza amabala e-pseudo kwisistim sokudada. Iindlela zokhuselo ezixhunyiwe kwi-LL nangona kunjalo zamkelekile. Inkqubo ephezulu yemilenze yommandla yinkqubo yomhlaba kwaye oko kuvumela iindlela zokhuseleko ukuba ziqhagamshelwe […]