I-TVSS (iTransent Voltage Surge Suppressor)

TVSS (Umxhasi weThasi oPhezulu) Kunye I-SPD (i-Surge Protective Device), zombini ibhekise kwisixhobo esinokukhusela umbane wamandla angaphantsi kwemonakalo yezinto ezihamba phambili, i-spikes okanye i-surges (isiteyathelo esingabonakaliyo sombane esibangelwa kwimigca yamandla).

Ithenda ye-TVSS ithandwa kakhulu kwilizwe eliqhelekileyo le-UL njenge-United States, eCanada nakwamanye amazwe eMbindi naseMzantsi Melika okanye nasePhilippines. 

I-TVSS vs i-TVS, ngaba kunjalo?

Qaphela ukuba awuxubeki nekota TVSS kunye TV. I-TVS isicatshulwa somphepheli wexesha elide. Ukusuka egameni labo, kubonakala ngathi into efanayo. Nangona kunjalo ekukhuseleni imboni yokukhusela, i-TVS yinkampani yombane (i-diode) ejongene nenjongo yokunyusa ukunyuswa. Ngenye yezona zixhobo ezikhuselekileyo ze-3 ezikhuselekileyo (enye i-2 i-MOV ne-GDT). Njenga-MOV kunye ne-GDT, i-TVS ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-TVSS kwaye eqinisweni isetyenziselwa i-MOV ne-GDT. I-GDT inokusingatha umbane omkhulu kunye nokuqhutywa kwangoku kodwa iphendula ngokukhawuleza ngelixa i-TV iyakwazi ukusingatha nje ukuhamba okona kuncinane kodwa iphinda iphendule ngendlela ekhawuleza ngakumbi kuneGDT kunye ne-MOV kwaye ngoko i-3 ifomene nokulungelelanisa ngokugqithiseleyo.

Kutheni abavelisi be-SPD bengaphinda bachaze iimveliso zabo njenge-TVSS?

TVSS Izixhobo zihlala zihlala kwintsapho ekhudlwana yezixhobo zokunciphisa i-SPDs (i-Surge Devices Devices). Ukuqala ngeLL 1449 3rd Ushicilelo kunye neKhowudi kaZwelonke yoMbane ka-2008, igama elithi “SPD” lithathe indawo yamagama athi “TVSS” (iTransient Voltage Surge Suppressor) kunye ne “Secondary Surge Arrester”. Ii-SPD ngoku zihlelwe njengohlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, Uhlobo 3 okanye Uhlobo 4 kwaye zikhethwe ngokusekwe kwisicelo nakwindawo eza kusetyenziswa kuyo. Ngotshintsho lwamva nje kwisigama esenziwe ngu-UL kunye ne-NEC, akusekho mibutho yemigangatho esebenzisa igama elithi TVSS, njenge-IEEE®, IEC® kunye neNEMA™ baye basebenzisa igama elithi "SPD" iminyaka emininzi.

Le yinto elula yokuguqulwa kwe-TVSS kwi-SPD. Nangona kunjalo, i-TVSS ne-SPD ayinakutshintshana. I-TVSS eyaziwa ngoku i-type 2 SPD njengowokuqala kwinguqu ye-UL, i-TVSS ifakwe kwicala lomthwalo wokungena kwenkonzo. Kodwa i-SPD ingafakwa ifakwe kwi-side side okanye kwicala lomgca.

Nangona kunjalo, kubathengi abaqhelekileyo, uthatha i-TVSS kunye ne-SPD njengento efanayo kunye nokunyanzela ukuhluka kancinci kwezobuchwepheshe.

I-TVSS i-Surge Suppressor okanye i-Surge Protector ngendlela yohlulo lwamandla?

Ewe, kuninzi umtya wombane okanye isamkeli esinomsebenzi wokukhusela umsebenzi kwintengiso. Ngokwesiqhelo silubiza olu hlobo lweemveliso zokunyanzelwa kokucinezelwa okanye ukukhuselwa kokukhusela kwaye enye yeparameter yabo iphambili kukulinganiswa kwejoules. Okwangoku aba bacinezeli bokunyuka okanye abakhuseli bokunyuka ngendlela yomtya bamandla abalingani neTVSS.

Unokucinga nge-TVSS njengentsapho enkulu yomkhiqizo kunye nokukhusela umkhuseli okanye umkhuseli wokukhusela iyingxenye yalo. Ngokomsebenzi, sibizwa ngokuba ngabaxhasi bamandla okanye ukukhusela uhlobo lwe-3 TVSS okanye i-TVSS yokusetyenziswa njengento eqhelekileyo yokufakela eceleni kunye nezixhobo ezikhuselekile kwaye ziba ngumthombo wokugqibela wokukhusela. Uhlobo lwe-1 okanye uhlobo lwe-2 TVSS ngokuqhelekileyo ngendlela yebhokisi okanye ipaneli, ngamanye amaxesha inokuba nzima kakhulu. Ipharamitha yalo enkulu ayikho i-Joules rating kodwa isakhono sokwanda. Uhlobo lwe-1 / 2 / 3 i-TVSS yenza ifom ye-3 edibeneyo yokukhusela indlela yokukhusela.

I-TVSS (i-voltage yexesha elidlulayo yokukhupha isisombululo) isebenza njani?

Iimimiselo zokukhusela isistim sokukhusela (SPD) kunye nexesha elide lokukhupha umbane (TVSS) zisetyenziselwa ukuchaza izixhobo zombane ezifakwe kwiipaneli zokusabalalisa amandla, iinkqubo zokulawula iinkqubo, iinkqubo zonxibelelwano kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezisemthethweni zoshishino, ngenjongo yokukhusela ukunyuka kombane kunye neepikhi, kuquka nezobangela umbane. Ngezinye iinguqulelo eziphantsi kwee-scaled zezi zixhobo zifakwe kwii-panels zokungena kwenkonzo yokuhlala, ukukhusela izixhobo ekhaya kwiingozi ezifanayo.

Kutheni ukuma kwexesha elidlulileyo kwixesha elide lokukhupha umbane?

Ukuba ukhangeleka isichazamazwi, ithetha ixesha elide gqibela ixesha elifutshane. Okanye ukuba ujonga i-Wikipedia, iya kukuxelela: Isiganeko sethutyana kukugqabhuka kwamandla okwexeshana kwenkqubo ebangelwe kukutshintsha ngesiquphe kwelizwe.

Nangona kunjalo ekukhuleni kwintsimi yokunciphisa, imfutshane kangakanani ixesha elide? Ukuba ukugqithisa kukugqibela, umzekelo, imizuzwana ye-5, ngaba ixesha elide? Akunjalo. Ekunyuseni ukukhutshwa, ukuqhuma kwexesha elide kwenzeka kwi-microsecond (1 / 1000 yesibini) okanye nakwi-millisecond (1 / 1000000 yesibini). Ngoko ngoku uyaqaphela ukuba ukukhawuleza kunokukhawuleza.

Kwaye kuvelisa esinye isihloko: yintoni intshukumo yokugqibela yokuhlala ixesha elide kunexesha elidlulileyo kwaye uza kuthintela njani umqhubi (okanye isistim sokukhusela) ukuphendula kule meko?

Ukuxhatshazwa yiloo nto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-overvoltage (TOV). Ukunyamezela okwethutyana akuyinto into yokunciphisa ukunyusa. Enyanisweni, ukuxhaswa kwexhoba lixhoba lokunyuka kwexeshana. Ukugqithisa, njengomelele kunokwenzeka, kuphela ukugcina i-microseconds okanye i-millisecond kwaye ke kuphela ukudlulisela inani elincinci lamandla kwi-suppressor. Kodwa i-TOV, njengoko ixesha layo lide ixesha elide, le nto ivelisa umonakalo owonakalisayo kwi-suppressors yokunyuka okuqhelekileyo isekelwe kwi-oxide ye-oxide varistor (MOV) kwaye ngoko i-MOV ngaphakathi kokukhuseleka kombane iyashisa kwaye igcine ifumana umsi kwaye ibambe umlilo.

Ngoko ke, igridi yamandla esisigxina ibalulekile kunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo wombane kuquka ukukhuseleka. Kulungile, mhlawumbi uyazibuza: Ndihlala kwindawo apho igridi yamandla yinkathazo. Kule meko, i-TVSS ayisebenzisiyo? Amafama aseYurophu akhuphe ukukhupha abanikeze umzekelo omhle kakhulu. Ngeeminyaka eyi-20 eyadlulayo, abenzi be-Europe abakhuphisayo abanqwelisayo baqala ukuthumela isixhobo sokukhusela isiChina, kodwa ezinye ezininzi ze-SPD, ezisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo eYurophu, zitshiswa kwizicelo. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili kukuba iYurophu inesigxina segridi yamandla kwaye ngokunjalo abavelisi be-SPD baqalise ukuxhaswa kwe-Uc / MCOV (ukuqhubeka kwamandla / ubuninzi obuqhubekayo phezu kwettage) malunga ne-255V. Nangona kunjalo i-20 iminyaka edlulileyo e-China, igridi yamandla ayikude iphele kwaye ukuguquguquka kwamandla rhoqo. Ingxaki ixazululwe emva kokuba abenzi be-SPD bamkele i-Uc / MCOV ephezulu.

Ngaloo ndlela, ngokungakhathaliseki ukuba ukhetha i-TVSS nge-Uc / MCOV ephezulu, kulungile ukuba usebenzise i-TVSS kwimimandla eguquguqukayo. Ngokomzekelo, xa sithumela ukunyusa kwethu ukunyusa kwiIndiya, ngokuqhelekileyo sithatha i-Uc / MCOV kwi-320V okanye i-385V.

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-TVSS (i-Voltage Exge Surge Suppressor)

Kuthetha ntoni ngohlobo 1 / 2 / 3 TVSS? Ngomgangatho we-UL 1449, uhlobo lwe-TVSS lujoliswe ngokukodwa ngendawo yokufakela kwayo.

Uhlobo lwe-1 TVSS, nangona lufakwe ngokubanzi kwicala lomgca wokungena kwenkonzo, lisebenza nakuphi naphakathi kwenkqubo yokuhambisa amandla.

Uhlobo lwe-2 TVSS lufakwe kwicala loxanduva lokungena kwenkonzo (oko kukuthi, ipaneli yesebe) ngelixa uhlobo lwe-3 TVSS (ngokuqhelekileyo umbane wamanzi, izixhobo okanye iplagi) ifakwe kufutshane nezixhobo ezikhuselekile.

Nanku umzekeliso weentlobo ze-TVSS esekelwe kwiindawo zokufaka.

Umthombo kwi-nemasurge.org

I-TVSS / iTransent Dege Suppressor

I-Prosurge inikeza uluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-TVSS ezisusela kwi-ANSI / UL 1449 4th edition kunye ne-EN / IEC61643-1 / 11

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