Isixhobo sokukhusela isixhobo
Isixhobo sokhuseleko sokukhusela (okanye esifinyeziweyo njenge-SPD) asisiyo imveliso eyaziwa eluntwini. Uluntu luyazi ukuba amandla ombane ayingxaki enkulu kuluntu lwethu apho kusetyenziswa izixhobo zombane ezibuthathaka ngakumbi okanye iimveliso zombane. Bayazi malunga ne-UPS enokubonelela ngombane ongaphazamiseki. Bayayazi i-voltage stabilizer yona, njengoko igama layo libonisa, ukuzinzisa okanye ukulawula umbane. Nangona kunjalo uninzi lwabantu, ukonwabela ukhuseleko oluziswa sisixhobo sokhuseleko, alububoni ubukho balo.
Sele sixelwe oko kwasebuntwaneni ukuba sicime zonke izixhobo zombane xa kukho iindudumo kungenjalo umbane unokuhamba ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo kwaye wonakalise neemveliso zombane.
Ewe, umbane unobungozi kwaye unobungozi. Nantsi imifanekiso ebonisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwayo.
Inkcazo yale ntetho
Ewe, oku kungombane. Umbane uhambelana njani nesixhobo sokukhusela umkhiqizo? Kule nqaku, siza kunika ingxelo ecacileyo kwesi sihloko. Siza kuzisa:
Ukukhuselwa kweMbane Wokhuseleko lweVS Surge Protection: ezihlobene noko kunjalo
Ukunyuka
- Yintoni ehambayo
- Yintoni ebangela ukunyuka
- Imiphumo yokunyuka
Isixhobo sokukhusela (SPD)
- inkcazelo
- itheko
- izicelo
- Amacandelo: GDT, MOV, TVS
- uhlelo
- Iiparameters eziphambili
- ufakelo
- neMigangatho
intshayelelo
Eli nqaku lithatha ukuba umfundi akanalo ulwazi lwangasemva ekukhuselweni kotyando. Eminye imixholo yenziwe lula ukuze iqondwe lula. Sizamile ukutshintshela intetho yobugcisa kulwimi lwethu lwemihla ngemihla kodwa kwangaxeshanye, akunakuphepheka ukuba siphulukane nokuchaneka okuthile.
Kwaye kule nkcazo-ntetho, samkela imathiriyeli yemfundo yokhuselo lotyando ekhutshwe ziinkampani ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko lombane / utyando esilufumene kuluntu. Apha siyababulela ngeenzame zabo zokufundisa uluntu. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na into ephikisanayo, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi.
Enye inqaku elibalulekileyo kukuba ukukhuselwa kombane kunye nokukhuselwa kokunyuka akukabikho isayensi echanekileyo. Umzekelo, siyazi ukuba umbane uyathanda ukubetha izinto ezinde nezitsolo. Yiyo loo nto sisebenzisa intonga yombane ukutsala umbane kwaye uthintele umsinga wawo emhlabeni. Ukanti olu lutyekelo olusekwe kumathuba, hayi umthetho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umbane ubetha ezinye izinto nangona kukho intonga ende netsolo kufutshane. Ngokomzekelo, i-ESE (Early Streamer Emission) ithathwa njengendlela ehlaziyiweyo yentonga yombane kwaye ngoko kufuneka ibe nokusebenza okungcono. Nangona kunjalo, yimveliso ephikisana kakhulu apho iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa kwaye zivuma ukuba ayinanzuzo ngaphezu kwentonga elula yombane. Njengoko kukhuseleko lokutya, ingxabano inkulu ngakumbi. Umgangatho we-IEC, ocetywayo ubukhulu becala kwaye uyilwe ziingcali zaseYurophu, uchaza uhlobo lwamaza ombane othe ngqo njenge-10/350 μs impulse apho umgangatho we-UL, ocetywayo kakhulu kwaye uyilwe ziingcali zaseMelika, aziyiboni loo maza.
Ngokombono wethu, ukuqonda kwethu umbane kuya kuchaneka ngakumbi kwaye kuchanekile ekugqibeleni njengoko sisenza uphando olungakumbi kule ntsimi. Umzekelo, zonke iimveliso zokhuselo lotyando kule mihla ziphuhliswa ngokusekwe kwithiyori yokuba umbane wangoku yimpembelelo enye. Ukanti ezinye iiSPD ezinokuthi ziphumelele zonke iimvavanyo ngaphakathi kwelebhu zisasilela ebaleni xa umbane ubetha ngokwenene. Ngaloo ndlela iminyaka yakutshanje, ngakumbi nangakumbi iingcali zikholelwa ukuba umbane wangoku yimpembelelo yamaza amaninzi. Oku kukuqhubela phambili kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuphucula ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokhuselo lotyando eziphuhliswe ngokusekwe kuloo nto.
Ukanti kweli nqaku, siza kugrumba kwimixholo ephikisanayo. Sizama ukunika isiqalelo kodwa esicokisekileyo, isingeniso esipheleleyo sokhuselo lotyando kunye nesixhobo sokhuselo lotyando. Ngoko, masiqale.
1. Ukukhuselwa koMbane VS uKhuseleko lweSurge
Unokubuza ukuba kutheni kufuneka sazi nantoni na malunga nokukhuselwa kombane xa sithetha ngokhuseleko lotyando. Ewe, ezi ngcinga zimbini zizalana ngokusondeleyo njengoko amaza ombane amaninzi abangelwa ngumbane. Sithetha ngakumbi ngonobangela wotyando kwisahluko esilandelayo. Ezinye iithiyori zikholelwa ukuba ukukhuselwa kokunyuka kuyingxenye yokukhusela umbane. Ezi ngcamango zikholelwa ukuba ukhuseleko lombane lunokwahlulwa lube ngamacandelo amabini: ukhuseleko lombane lwangaphandle olona mveliso luphambili luyintonga yombane (i-terminal yomoya), i-conductor ephantsi kunye ne-earthing material kunye nokhuseleko lombane lwangaphakathi olona mveliso luphambili lwesixhobo sokukhusela i-surge, nokuba ye-AC / DC amandla. unikezelo okanye lwedatha/umgca wesignali.
Omnye wabameli abanamandla kolu lwahlulo yi-ABB. Kule vidiyo, i-ABB (i-Furse yinkampani ye-ABB) inika umboniso ocokisekileyo wokhuseleko lombane kwizimvo zabo. Ukukhusela umbane wesakhiwo esiqhelekileyo, kufuneka kubekho ukukhuselwa kwangaphandle ukucima umbane okhoyo emhlabeni kunye nokukhusela kwangaphakathi ukukhusela ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nedatha / umgca wesignali kumonakalo. Kwaye kule vidiyo, i-ABB ikholelwa ukuba i-terminal/i-conductors/izixhobo zomhlaba ziimveliso ikakhulu zokubetha umbane ngokuthe ngqo kunye nesixhobo sokhuselo lokutshixa ubukhulu becala kukhuseleko lombane ongangqalanga (umbane okufutshane).
Enye Ithiyori izama ukuqulatha ukhuseleko lombane ngaphakathi koluhlu lokhuseleko lwangaphandle. Esinye sezizathu zokwenza lo mahluko kukuba ulwahlulo lwangaphambili lunokulahlekisa uluntu ukuba lucinge ukuba utyando lubangelwa ngumbane kuphela okude nenyani. Ngokusekwe kumanani, yi-20% kuphela yotyando olubangelwa ngumbane kwaye i-80% yotyando lubangelwa yinto ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Uyabona ukuba kule vidiyo yokukhusela umbane, ayithethi nto malunga nokhuseleko lotyando.
Ukukhuselwa kombane yinkqubo enzima ebandakanya iimveliso ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ukukhuselwa kwe-surge kuyingxenye kuphela yenkqubo edibeneyo yokukhusela umbane. Kubathengi abaqhelekileyo, akuyimfuneko ukumba kwingxoxo yezemfundo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, njengoko sithetha, ukukhuselwa kombane akukabikho isayensi echanekileyo. Ke kuthi, le isenokungabi yi-100% eyaziwayo kodwa indlela elula yokuqonda ukhuseleko lombane kunye nobudlelwane bayo kunye nesixhobo sokhuselo lotyando.
Ukukhusela
Ukukhuselwa koMbane wangaphandle
- Indawo yomoya
- Ukuqhuba
- Ndlebe
- Ukhuselo lwangaphandle
Ukukhuselwa koMbane wangaphakathi
- Ukhuselo lwangaphakathi
- Ukulungiselela ubuNgozi
- Isixhobo sokukhusela isixhobo
Ngaphambi kokuba sigqibe le seshoni, siza kwazisa ingcamango yokugqibela: ukuxinana kombane wokubetha. Ngokusisiseko kuthetha ukuba ukubetha kombane rhoqo kangakanani kwindawo ethile. Ekunene yimephu yehlabathi yokuxinana kombane.
Kutheni le nto ukuxinana kombane westroke kubalulekile?
- Ukusuka kwindawo yokuthengisa kunye nentengiso, indawo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu lombane ineemfuno ezinamandla zombane kunye nokhuseleko lokunyuka.
- Ukusuka kwindawo yobugcisa, iSPD efakwe kwindawo ephezulu yokubetha umbane kufuneka ibe nomthamo omkhulu wangoku. I-50kA SPD inokuphila iminyaka emi-5 eYurophu kodwa iphila kuphela unyaka omnye kwiiPhilippines.
Iimarike ezinkulu zeProsurge ziseMntla Melika, eMzantsi Melika naseAsia. Njengoko sibona kule mephu, ezi marike zonke ziwela kwindawo exineneyo ngombane. Obu bubungqina obunamandla bokuba isixhobo sethu sokukhusela i-surgery sikumgangatho weprimiyamu kwaye ke sinokuphila kwiindawo ezinemivumbo yombane rhoqo. Cofa kwaye ujonge ezinye zeeprojekthi zethu zokhuselo lotyando kwihlabathi liphela.
2. Utyando
Kulungile, siza kuthetha ngakumbi malunga surges kule seshini. Nangona sisebenzise igama elithi surge amaxesha amaninzi kwiseshini edlulileyo, kodwa asikayinike ngcaciso ifanelekileyo okwangoku. Kwaye kukho ukungaqondani okuninzi malunga neli gama.
Yintoni uSurge?
Nazi ezinye iinyani ezisisiseko malunga notyando.
- I-Surge, iThutyana, iSpike: Ukunyuka okwethutyana okwethutyana okanye amandla ombane kumjikelo wombane.
- Kwenzeka kwi-millisecond (1/1000) okanye nakwi-microsecond (1/1000000).
- I-Surge ayikho i-TOV (i-Temporary Overvoltage).
- I-Surge ngoyena nobangela uqhelekileyo womonakalo wesixhobo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa. I-31% yomonakalo okanye ilahleko yezixhobo ze-elektroniki ngenxa yokunyuka. (umthombo ovela kwi-ABB)
I-Surge VS Overvoltage
Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba utyando lugqithise umbane. Njengomfanekiso ongasentla ubonisa, xa i-voltage spikes, kukho ukunyuka. Ewe, oku kuyaqondakala kodwa akuchanekanga, kwaye kuyalahlekisa kakhulu. I-Surge luhlobo lwe-overvoltage kodwa i-overvoltage ayifuni. Ngoku siyazi ukuba utyando lwenzeka kwi-millisecond (1/1000) okanye nakwi-microsecond (1/1000000). Nangona kunjalo, i-overvoltage inokuhlala ixesha elide, imizuzwana, imizuzu kunye neeyure! Kukho igama elithi ukugqithisa okwethutyana (TOV) ukuchaza le overvoltage yexesha elide.
Enyanisweni, kungekhona kuphela utyando kunye ne-TOV ayikho into efanayo, i-TOV nayo ingumbulali omkhulu wesixhobo sokukhusela. I-SPD esekwe kwi-MOV inokuthoba ngokukhawuleza ukuchasana kwayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-zero xa kusenzeka utyando. Nangona kunjalo phantsi kombane oqhubekayo, ivutha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibeka isoyikiso esibi kakhulu sokhuseleko. Siza kuthetha ngakumbi malunga noku kwiseshini yamva xa sazisa izixhobo zokhuselo lotyando.
| Ukuxhatshazwa kwexeshana (TOV) | Ukunyuka | |
| Yenziwe ngu | Iimpazamo zenkqubo ye-LV / HV | umbane okanye utshintsha ubanevoltage |
| ubude bexesha | Long millisecond ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa okanye iiyure | Mfutshane Microseconds (umbane) okanye millisecond (uyatshintsha) |
| Isimo seMOV | Ukubaleka kobushushu | Ukuzibuyisa |
Yintoni Ebangela Utyando?
Ezi zezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo ezaziwayo zotyando:
- Umbane kwintonga yoMbane
- I-Lightning Stroke kwi-Aerial Line
- Isalathiso se-electromagnetic
- Ukutshintsha ukusebenza (kaninzi rhoqo kodwa ngamandla asezantsi)
Siyabona ukuba ezinye zihlobene nombane kwaye ezinye azifani. Nanku umzekeliso wokuza kwezambane ezinxulumene nombane.
Nangona kunjalo hlala ukhumbula ukuba ayizizo zonke iintshukumo ezibangelwa ngumbane ngoko ke ayipheleli nje ekudumeni kwendudumo ukuba izixhobo zakho zitshatyalaliswe.
Iziphumo zoTyala
Utyando lunokuzisa umonakalo omkhulu kwaye ngokusekwe kumanani-nkcazo, ukunyuka kwamandla kubiza iinkampani zase-US ngaphezulu kwe-80 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka. Nangona kunjalo xa sivavanya imiphumo yotyando, asinako ukuzikhawulela ekuboneni okubonakalayo kuphela. Ngokwenyani, utyando luneziphumo ezi-4 ezahlukeneyo:
- Ukutshabalalisa
- Ukuthotywa: Ukuwohloka ngokuthe ngcembe kweesekethe zangaphakathi. Ukusilela kwezixhobo zangaphambi kwexesha. Ngokuqhelekileyo okubangelwa kukwanda okuphantsi komgangatho oqhubekayo, ayitshabalalisi izixhobo ngexesha elinye kodwa ixesha elongezelelekileyo liyayitshabalalisa.
- Ixesha lokuphumla: ukulahlekelwa kwemveliso okanye idatha ebalulekileyo
- Umngcipheko woKhuseleko
Ekunene yividiyo apho iingcali zokhuselo lotyando zenza uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sokhuselo lotyando sinokuzithintela njani ngokwenene iimveliso zombane ekutshatyalalisweni kotyando. Uyabona ukuba xa i-DIN-rail SPD isusiwe, umenzi wekhofi uqhuma xa uhlaselwa yi-surge eyenziwa yilabhu.
Le ntetho yevidiyo iyamangalisa ngokwenene. Nangona kunjalo, omnye umonakalo wotyando awubonakali kwaye uyamangalisa kodwa ubiza kakhulu, umzekelo, ixesha lokuphumla elizisayo. Umfanekiso wenkampani ifumana ixesha lokuphumla ngosuku, ingaba yintoni indleko yoko?
I-Surge ayizisi ilahleko yepropathi kuphela, kodwa izisa nomngcipheko wokhuseleko lomntu.
Eyona ngozi iyintlekele eTshayina kwimbali kaloliwe ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu ibangelwa ngumbane kunye nokunyuka. Bangaphezu kwama-200 abantu abenzakeleyo.
Umbane waseTshayina kunye neshishini lokutyanda laqala ngo-1989 emva kwengozi yokuqhuma komlilo kwitanki yokugcina i-oyile ngenxa yokubetha kombane. Kwaye ikwabangela iingozi ezininzi.
3. IsiXhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgery / isiXhobo soKhuseleko seSurge
Ngolwazi olusisiseko lombane / ukhuseleko lokutyanda kunye notyando oluboniswe kwiseshini edlulileyo, siza kufunda ngakumbi malunga nesixhobo sokukhusela utyando. Okumangalisayo kukuba, kufanele kubizwe ngokuba yiSurgery Protective Device esekwe kuwo onke amaxwebhu asemthethweni kunye nemigangatho. Nangona kunjalo abantu abaninzi, kunye neengcali kwicandelo lokhuseleko lotyando bayathanda ukusebenzisa igama elithi isixhobo sokukhusela utyando. Mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba ivakala ngakumbi njengolwimi lwemihla ngemihla.
Ngokusisiseko unokubona ezimbini iintlobo zokhuseleko lotyando kwimarike njengemifanekiso engezantsi ebonisa. Qaphela ukuba imifanekiso ayikho kwi-acutal ratio yento. Iphaneli yodidi lwe-SPD iqhele ukuba nkulu kakhulu ngesayizi kune-DIN-yemvula ye-SPD.
Isixhobo soKhuseleko lweSixhobo soKhuseleko lwePaneli
Idumile kwiMarike ye-UL esemgangathweni
Isixhobo soKhuseleko lwe-DIN-rail Surge
Idumile kwiMarike esemgangathweni ye-IEC
Ke yintoni kanye kanye isixhobo sokukhusela utyando? Njengoko negama layo libonisa, sisixhobo esikhusela ekuhlaselweni. Kodwa kanjani? Ngaba iyayiphelisa le ngxaki? Makhe sijonge umsebenzi wesixhobo sokukhusela utyando (SPD). Sinokuthi i-SPD isetyenziselwa ukuphambukisa amandla ombane angaphezulu kwaye ngoku ngokukhuselekileyo emhlabeni ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwizixhobo ezikhuselweyo. Singasebenzisa izixhobo zokukhusela kwi-lab ukuze sibone umsebenzi wayo.
Ngaphandle koKhuseleko lweSurgery
I-Voltage ukuya kwi-4967V kwaye iya konakalisa izixhobo ezikhuselweyo
NgoKhuseleko lweSurgery
I-Voltage ilinganiselwe kwi-352V
Isebenza njani iSPD?
I-SPD ibuthathaka kumbane. Ukuxhathisa kwayo kuncitshiswe ngokukhawuleza njengoko amandla ombane enyuka. Unokucinga nge-SPD njengesango kunye nokunyuka njengesikhukula. Phantsi kwemeko eqhelekileyo, isango liyavalwa kodwa xa libona i-voltage yokunyuka isiza, isango livuleka ngokukhawuleza ukuze utyando luphambukiswe kude. Iya kuphinda ibuyisele ngokuzenzekelayo kwisimo esiphezulu se-impedance emva kokuphela kwe-surgery.
I-SPD ithatha utyando ukuze izixhobo ezikhuselweyo ziphile. Ixesha elingaphezulu, i-SPD iya kufikelela esiphelweni sobomi ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluninzi olunyamezelayo. Iyazincama ukuze izixhobo ezikhuselweyo ziphile.
Isiphelo sokugqibela seSPD kukuncama.
Amacandelo oKhuseleko lweSurgery
Kule seshoni, siza kuthetha ngamacandelo e-SPD. Ngokusisiseko, kukho izinto ezi-4 eziphambili zeSPD: i-spark gap, i-MOV, i-GDT kunye ne-TVS. La malungu aneempawu ezahlukeneyo kodwa onke asebenza umsebenzi ofanayo: qonda imeko eqhelekileyo, ukuxhathisa kwawo kukhulu kangangokuba akukho okwangoku unokulandela phantsi kwemeko yotyando ukuchasana kwawo ngephanyazo kwehle ukuya kuthi ga ku-zero ukuze umsinga wamanzi udlulele emhlabeni endaweni yokuba udlulele emhlabeni. ukuqukuqela ukuya kwizixhobo ezikhuselweyo ezisezantsi zomlambo. Yiyo loo nto sibiza la macandelo ama-4 ngamacandelo angengomgca. Nangona kunjalo bayahluka kwaye sinokubhala elinye inqaku ukuthetha ngeeyantlukwano zabo. Kodwa okwangoku, ekuphela kwento ekufuneka siyazi kukuba zonke zisebenza umsebenzi ofanayo: ukuphambukisa kwisantya sokuhamba emhlabeni.
Makhe sijonge kula macandelo okhuselo lotyando.
I-Metal oxide Varistor (MOV)
Elona candelo liqhelekileyo leSPD
I-Tube Discharge Tube (GDT)
Ingasetyenziswa kwiHybrid ene-MOV
I-Transient Surge Suppressor (TVS)
Idumile kwiDatha / Umqondiso weSPD ngenxa yoBuncinci bayo
I-Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) kunye ne-Evolution yayo
I-MOV lelona candelo lixhaphakileyo le-SPD kwaye ke siza kuthetha ngakumbi ngayo. Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba i-MOV ayilolungu eligqibeleleyo.
Iquka ngokwesiqhelo i-zinc oxide eqhuba xa isesichengeni sokugqithiswa kwamandla ombane okungaphaya komlinganiselo wayo, ii-MOVs zinobude obulindelekileyo bobomi kwaye zithotywe xa zivezwe kuhlaselo olukhulu olumbalwa okanye amatyando amaninzi amancinci, kwaye ekugqibeleni ziya kuba mfutshane emhlabeni zidala isiphelo sobomi. imeko. Le meko iya kubangela ukuba i-breaker circuit ihambe okanye ikhonkco elidibeneyo livule. Ukugqithisa okukhulu kunokubangela ukuba icandelo livuleke kwaye ngaloo ndlela lizise isiphelo esinobundlobongela ngakumbi kwicandelo ngokwalo. I-MOV idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukucinezela isantya esifumaneka kwiisekethi zamandla ze-AC.
Kule vidiyo ye-ABB, banika umzekeliso ocacileyo wendlela i-MOV esebenza ngayo.
Abavelisi be-SPD benza uphando oluninzi malunga nokhuseleko lwe-SPD kwaye umsebenzi omninzi onjalo kukusombulula ingxaki yokhuseleko lwe-MOV. I-MOV iye yavela kwixesha elidlulileyo le-2 leminyaka. Ngoku siye sahlaziya i-MOV njenge-TMOV (ngokuqhelekileyo i-MOV ene-fuse eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi) okanye i-TPMOV (i-MOV ekhuselweyo nge-thermally) ephucula ukhuseleko lwayo. I-Prosurge, njengomnye we-TPMOV ekhokelayo umenzi, uye wanikela iinzame zethu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-MOV.
I-Prosurge's SMTMOV kunye ne-PTMOV ziinguqulelo ezimbini ezihlaziyiweyo ze-MOV zemveli. Zingaphumeleli ukhuseleko kunye nezinto ezizikhuselayo ezamkelwa ngabavelisi abakhulu beSPD ukuze bakhe iimveliso zabo zokhuseleko.
25kA TPMOV
50kA/75kA TPMOV
Imigangatho yeSixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgery
Ngokubanzi, kukho imigangatho emibini emikhulu: umgangatho we-IEC kunye nomgangatho we-UL. Umgangatho we-UL usebenza ikakhulu kuMntla Merika nakwezinye iindawo eMzantsi Melika nasePhilippines. Ngokucacileyo umgangatho we-IEC usebenza ngokubanzi kwihlabathi liphela. Nokuba umgangatho waseTshayina we-GB 18802 ubolekwe kwi-IEC 61643-11 standard.
Kutheni singenako ukuba nomgangatho wehlabathi jikelele? Ewe, enye yenkcazo kukuba iingcali zaseYurophu kunye neengcali zase-US zineembono ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuqonda kombane kunye nokunyuka.
Ukukhuselwa kweSurgery kusengumxholo oguqukayo. Umzekelo, ngaphambili akukho mgangatho osemthethweni we-IEC kwiSPD esetyenziswa kwi-DC/PV yesicelo. I-IEC 61643-11 ekhoyo yeyombane we-AC kuphela. Okwangoku sinomgangatho omtsha we-IEC 61643-31 weSPD osetyenziswa kwi-DC/PV yesicelo.
I-IEC Market
IEC 61643-11 (Inkqubo yaMandla yeAC)
IEC 61643-32 (Inkqubo yaMandla yeDC)
IEC 61643-21 (Idatha kunye noMqondiso)
EN 50539-11 = IEC 61643-32
Imarike ye-UL
I-UL 1449 4th Edition (Zombini i-AC kunye ne-DC Power System)
UL 497B (Idatha kunye noMqondiso)
UFakelo lweSixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgery
Ewe, le isenokuba yeyona seshoni ilula ukubhala ngayo kuba ingcebiso yethu kukuba ungaya kwi-Youtube kuba zininzi iividiyo malunga nokufakwa kwe-SPD, nokuba yi-DIN-rail SPD okanye ipaneli ye-SPD. Ewe, unokujonga iifoto zethu zeprojekthi ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga. Kuqatshelwe ukuba ufakelo lwesixhobo sokhuselo lotyando kufuneka lwenziwe ngusombane oqeqeshiweyo / onelayisensi.
Ukhuselo lweeNkcukacha zoKhuseleko
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuhlela isixhobo sokhuselo lokutya.
- Ngokufakela: I-DIN-umzila kaloliwe we-SPD VS Iphaneli ye-SPD
- NgokoMgangatho: uMgangatho we-IEC VS UL uMgangatho
- Ngu AC/DC: AC Power SPD VS DC Power SPD
- NgeNdawo: Uhlobo 1/2/3 SPD
Siza kwazisa ngokweenkcukacha ulwahlulo lomgangatho we-UL 1449. Ngokusisiseko, kumgangatho we-UL uhlobo lweSPD lumiselwa yindawo yofakelo lwayo. Ukuba ungathanda ukufunda ngakumbi, sicebisa ukuba ufunde eli nqaku lipapashwe yi-NEMA.
Kwakhona sifumana iVidiyo kwi-Youtube evezwa nguJeff Cox enika intshayelelo ecacileyo yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kwisixhobo sokukhusela utyando.
Nantsi eminye imifanekiso yohlobo lwe-1/2/3 isixhobo sokhuselo lokutya kumgangatho we-UL.
Uhlobo lwe-1 Isixhobo soKhuseleko lwe-Surge: Umgca wokuQala woKhuselo
Ufakwe ngaphandle kwesakhiwo kwindawo yokungena kwenkonzo
Uhlobo lwe-2 Isixhobo soKhuseleko lwe-Surge: Umgca wesibini woKhuselo
Ufakwe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo kwipaneli yesebe
Uhlobo lwe-3 Isixhobo soKhuseleko lwe-Surge: Umgca wokugqibela woKhuselo
Ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kwi-Surge Strip kunye neComputer efakwe kufuphi nezixhobo ezikhuselekile
Kuphawulwe ukuba umgangatho we-IEC 61643-11 uphinda wamkele amagama afanayo njengohlobo lwe-1/2/3 SPD okanye iKlasi I/II/III SPD. La magama, nangona ahlukile kwimigaqo yomgangatho we-UL, yabelana ngomgaqo ofanayo. Iklasi ye-SPD ye-SPD ithatha amandla okutshatyalaliswa kokuqala okuyiyona nto inamandla kwaye i-Class II kunye ne-Class III SPDs iphatha amandla asele e-surgery asele ehlile. Ngokudibeneyo, iKlasi ye-I/II/III yokhuselo lotyando lwezixhobo zenza inkqubo elungelelanisiweyo enemigangatho emininzi yokhuselo ethathwa njengeyona isebenzayo.
Umfanekiso osekunene ubonisa iSPD kuwo onke amanqanaba ofakelo kumgangatho we-IEC.
Siza kuthetha kancinci malunga nomahluko omnye phakathi kodidi lwe-1/2/3 kumgangatho we-UL kunye nomgangatho we-IEC. Kumgangatho we-IEC, kukho igama elibizwa ngokuba yi-lightning impulse current kwaye uphawu lwayo yi-Iimp. Kukulingisa impembelelo yombane othe ngqo kwaye amandla ayo akwimo yamaza ye-10/350. Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD kumgangatho we-IEC kufuneka lubonise ii-Iimp kunye nabavelisi be-SPD ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa iteknoloji ye-spark gap yohlobo lwe-1 SPD njengoko iteknoloji ye-spark gap ivumela i-Iimp ephezulu kune-teknoloji ye-MOV ngobukhulu obufanayo. Ukanti igama elithi Iimp aliqatshelwanga kumgangatho weUL.
Kwakhona omnye umahluko ophambili kukuba iSPD kumgangatho we-IEC ziqhelekile ukuba iDIN-umzila kaloliwe unyuswe kodwa iSPD ekumgangatho we-UL inocingo oluqinileyo okanye ipaneli inyuswe. Zikhangeleka ngokwahlukileyo. Nantsi eminye imifanekiso ye-IEC eqhelekileyo SPD.
Uhlobo 1 / Iklasi I SPD
Umgca wokuqala woKhuselo
Uhlobo lwe-2 / i-Class II SPD
Umgca weSibini wokuKhuselwa
Uhlobo lwe-3 / iClass III SPD
Umgca wokugqibela wezoKhuselo
Ngokubhekiselele kwezinye iindidi, sinokuzicacisa kamva kwamanye amanqaku njengoko zinokude kakhulu. Ngoku, konke okufuneka ukwazi kukuba iSPD ihlelwa ngokweentlobo zombini kwimigangatho ye-UL kunye ne-IEC.
IiParameters eziphambili zeSixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgery
Ukuba ujonga isixhobo sokhuseleko lokutyanda, uya kubona iiparamitha ezininzi ekuphawuleni kwayo, umzekelo, MCOV, In, Imax, VPR, SCCR. Zithetha ukuthini kwaye kutheni zibalulekile nje? Ewe, kule seshoni, siza kuthetha ngayo.
Umbane woMbane (Un)
Igama lithetha 'igama'. Ke i-voltage yegama ligama lombane elithi 'igama'. Ngokomzekelo, i-voltage yegama lenkqubo yokubonelela kumazwe amaninzi i-220 V. Kodwa ixabiso layo langempela livunyelwe ukuba lihluke phakathi koluhlu oluncinci.
Eyona Voltage eQhubekayo yokuSebenza (MCOV/Uc)
Elona nani liphezulu lombane isixhobo siya kuvumela ukuba sidlule ngokuqhubekayo. I-MCOV iqhele ukuba yi-1.1-1.2 ixesha eliphezulu kune-Un. Kodwa kwindawo enegridi yamandla engazinzanga, i-voltage iya kuhamba phezulu kakhulu kwaye ke kufuneka ukhethe i-MCOV SPD ephezulu. Kwi-220V Un, amazwe aseYurophu anokukhetha i-250V MCOV SPD kodwa kwezinye iimarike ezifana ne-Indiya, sincoma i-MCOV 320V okanye i-385V. Isaziso: Umbane ongaphezu kwe-MCOV ubizwa ngokuba yiTemporary Overvoltage (TOV). Ngaphezulu kwe-90% ye-SPD etshisiweyo ngenxa ye-TOV.
Ixabiso loKhuseleko lweVoltage (VPR) / Vumela-nge-Voltage
Yeyona nto iphezulu yombane i-SPD iya kuvumela ukuba idlule kwisixhobo esikhuselweyo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo isezantsi ngcono. Umzekelo, ifowuni ekhuselweyo inokumelana ne-800V ephezulu. Ukuba i-SPD's VRP yi-1000V, isixhobo esikhuselweyo siya konakaliswa okanye sithotywe.
Ukunyuka kwamandla angoku
Yeyona mali iphezulu yotyando lwangoku i-SPD inokujika iye emhlabeni ngexesha lotyando kwaye sisalathiso sobude bobomi be-SPD. Umzekelo, i-200kA SPD inobomi obude kune-100kA SPD phantsi kwemeko efanayo.
Ukulahlwa kwegama eliphakathi (ngoku)
Lixabiso eliphakamileyo lokunyuka kwangoku ngeSPD. I-SPD kufuneka ihlale isebenza emva kwe-15 kwi-surges. Ingumqondiso wokomelela kwe-SPD kwaye ngumlinganiselo wendlela i-SPD eyenza ngayo xa ifakwe kwaye iphantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezikufutshane kwimeko yobomi bokwenyani Okuphezulu kungcono.
Ubuninzi beDischarge yangoku (Imax)
Lixabiso eliphakamileyo lokunyuka kwangoku ngeSPD. I-SPD kufuneka ihlale isebenza emva kwe-1 Imax surges. Ngokuqhelekileyo, yi-2-2.5 ixesha lexabiso le-In. Ikwangumqondiso wokomelela kweSPD. Kodwa yiparamitha engabalulekanga kangako kune-In kuba i-Imax luvavanyo olugqithisileyo kwaye kwimeko yokwenyani, utyando oluqhelekileyo alunakuba namandla anjalo. Kule parameter, iphezulu ingcono.
ISigqeba esifutshane samanje (SCCR)
Yinqanaba eliphezulu le-short-circuit current ukuba icandelo okanye indibano inokumelana kwaye iphezulu ingcono. I-SPD enkulu ye-Prosurge iphumelele uvavanyo lwe-200kA SCCR ngomgangatho we-UL ngaphandle kwe-breaker circuit yangaphandle kunye ne-fuse eyona nto isebenzayo kwishishini.
Izicelo zeSixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgery
Izixhobo zokukhusela iSurgery zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ngakumbi kulawo mashishini abalulekileyo. Apha ngezantsi kukho uluhlu lwezicelo zokhuseleko lokutya kunye nezisombululo ezilungiswa nguProsurge. Kwisicelo ngasinye, sibonisa i-SPD efunekayo kunye neendawo zokufakela kwayo. Ukuba unomdla kulo naluphi na usetyenziso, ungacofa kwaye ufunde ngakumbi.
Ukwakha
I-Power Power / iPV System
Ukukhanya Kwezitalato ze-LED
Isitishi seoyile kunye negesi
Telecom
Bonisa LED
Ulawulo lwezombane
Inkqubo yeCCTV
Inkqubo yokuThutha imoto
I-Wind Turbine
Indlela yoThutho
isishwankathelo
Ekugqibeleni, sifika ekupheleni kweli nqaku. Kweli nqaku, sithetha ngezinto ezinomdla ezifana nokukhuselwa kombane, ukhuseleko lokutyanda, utyando kunye nesixhobo sokukhusela utyando. Ndiyathemba ukuba sele uyaziqonda iziseko zesixhobo sokhuseleko lotyando. Kodwa ukuba ungathanda ukufunda ngakumbi ngalo mbandela, sinamanye amanqaku kwicandelo lethu lemfundo yokhuseleko lotyando kwiwebhusayithi yethu.
Kwaye eyona nxalenye yokugqibela ibalulekileyo yeli nqaku kukunika umbulelo wethu kwezo nkampani zivelisa iividiyo ezininzi, iifoto, amanqaku kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zezinto eziphathekayo kumbandela wokhuseleko lotyando. Bangamanduleli kwishishini lethu. Ngokukhuthazwa ngabo, nathi sinikela ngesabelo sethu.
Ukuba uyalithanda eli nqaku, unokunceda ukwabelana ngalo!