How do I select a proper Prosurge SPD for my application?

Though we try our best to offer an extensive, thorough product presentation on our website, catalogs and other documents, we believe the best way for model selecting is to consult with us with your requirement and then our professional will recommend a suitable model.

What are ANSI/UL 1449 Third Edition Versus IEC 61643-1 – Key Differences In Testing

The following examines a few of the key differences between Underwriters Laboratory’s required test for surge protective devices (SPDs); ANSI/UL 1449 Third Edition and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) required test for SPDs, IEC 61643-1. Short Circuit Current Rating (SCCR): The capacity of current with which the tested SPD can withstand at the terminals where connected, without breaching the enclosure in any way. UL: Tests the full product at twice the nominal voltage to see if entire product is completely offline. The entire product (as shipped) is tested; including metal oxide varistors (MOVs). IEC: Test only looks at the terminals and the physical connections to determine if they are robust enough to handle the fault. MOVs are replaced with a copper block and a manufacturer’s recommended fuse is placed in-line (external to the device). Imax: Per IEC 61643-1 – The crest value of a current through the SPD having an 8/20 waveshape and magnitude according to the test sequence of the class II operating duty test. UL: Does not recognize the need for an Imax test. IEC: An operating duty cycle test is used to ramp up to an Imax point (determined by the manufacturer). This is meant to find “blind points” within the design when subjected to a high level impulse. This is conducted as a life expectancy or robustness test. The fuse needs to withstand Imax, and the test checks thermal stability of the SPD (after each duty cycle impulse bringing the SPD up to its maximum continuous operating voltage MCOV) and its physical condition。 I nominal: The crest value of the current through the SPD having a current waveshape of 8/20. UL: I nominal test is similar to the IEC’s, however, the I nominal results do not link to a Up value (a value used internationally for electrical coordination). Instead, UL uses I nominal to determine a product’s Voltage Protection Rating (VPR). Levels are limited to a maximum of 20 kA. The SPD remains functional after 15 surges. IEC: Does not limit I nominal testing to 20kA, however, the manufacturer’s selected In level is used to get a Up value, a value considered to be the protective performance of the SPD. This value is used for electrical coordination(ratings of building wire, equipment). Therefore the goal of the manufacturer is to try to attain the highest Inominal level with the lowest Up results. Many manufactures opt to only test as high as 20 kA so they will appear to have a low Up. Class versus category UL: UL Type designation is a location designator with a difference to the way I nominal is tested (for device which provides SCCR needs to be included and survive when doing I nominal testing). IEC: Designates certain tests as a class I, II, or III. Class designation between I and II has to do with the impulse applied – Class I; an I imp test (10×350) and a class II – 8 x 20 μs. The IEC designates certain tests as a class I, II, or III and can beconfused with UL’s Type I, II, III, or IV designations. There is some validity to both identifying the product’s approved installation location (UL) and applying a more robust impulse/waveform to those products that will be installed in harsher locations (IEC). Waveforms: A graph of an impulse wave that shows its shape and changes in amplitude with time. UL: Recognizes the 8 x 20 μs waveform. IEC: The IEC incorporates 2 waveforms into their test, the 8 x 20 μs which is used for class II testing to represent surges induced onto power lines. And the 10 x 350 μs waveform which is used for class I testing that represents partial or direct lightning currents (due to building or power line strikes).The IEC also uses other ring wave type waveforms for point of use (class III) tests.

How do I know which is the correct surge protection device that must be installed?

Choosing the right surge arrester(s) is a key factor to guarantee correct protection of the installation. A poorly designed Lightning & Surge protection system may lead to early ageing of the SPD and potential failure of the protective devices in the installation allowing damage to the primary systems up stream, thus defeating the rationale behind the protection being installed Prosurge does not provide a set of rules and guides to support acorrect design of the protection system according to the application. However we follow the IEC and UL lightning and surge protection standards. With this in mind we provide a cascaded system as laid down in the rules of the standard, not the rules of Prosurge. In the field of industrial applications, a standard practice is to install a cascaded protection system based on several coordinated protective devices installed at different stages (LPZ’s). The benefit of this strategy is the fact that it allows a high discharge capacity close to the installation entrance along with a low residual voltage (level of protection) at the main incomer of installation of sensitive equipment. The design of such a protective system is, amongst other factors, based on the assessment of information such as existence of a lightning rod (Lightning Protection System) and type of incoming power supply lines, secondary primary equipment and data systems. The solutions provide protection against either Transient or Permanent (TOV) overvoltages or against both of them (T+P) simultaneously. The final product choice depends on parameters such as: type of installation, type of network disconnection (operation on MCB or RCD), auto reclosing, breaking capacity, etc. Usually you can refer IEC61643- Low-voltage surge protective devices – Part 12:Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power distribution systems -Selection and application principles

Can lightning destroy the photovoltaic system?

Photovoltaic systems are technologically highly sensitive and a direct lightning strike would definitely destroy it. There is also yet another hazard,as a lightning strike could create surge voltage near the solar power system and these surge voltages can also destroy the system. The inverter is the primary point in need of protection. Usually, inverters will integrate surge-voltage protectors into their inverters. However, since these components only discharge small voltage peaks, you should consider using surge protective devices (SPD) in individual cases.

Are joule ratings a specification used for SPD?

In the past, some manufacturers have used joule ratings in their specifications. They are not considered a good indicator for SPD performance and not recognized by any standard organizations. Prosurge doesn’t support this specification also.

Is “Response Time”a valid specification?

Response time specifications are not supported by any standards organizations overseeing Surge Protective Devices.IEEE C62.62 Standard Test Specification for SPDs specifically mentions it should not be used as a specification.

What are the different power systems in use in the US and what are the protection needs for each?

The US power distribution system is a TN-C-S system. This implies that the Neutral and Ground conductors are bonded at the service entrance of each, and every, facility or separately derived sub-system. This means that the neutral-to-ground (N-G) protection mode within a multi-mode SPD installed at the service entrance panel is basically redundant. Further from this N-G bondpoint, such as in branch distribution panels, the need for this additional mode of protection is more warranted. In addition to the N-G protection mode, some SPDs can include line-to-neutral (L-N) and line-to-line (L-L) protection. On a three phase WYE system, the need for L-L protection is questionable as balanced L-N protection also provides a measure of protection on the L-L conductors. Changes to the 2002 edition of the National Electrical Code® (NEC®) (www.nfpa.org) have precluded the use of SPDs on ungrounded delta power distribution systems. Behind this rather broad statement is the intention that SPDs should not be connected L-G as by so doing these modes of protection are creating pseudo grounds to the floating system. Modes of protection connected L-L are however acceptable.The high-leg delta system is a grounded system and as such allows for protection modes to be connected L-L and L-N or L-G.

How does installation affect the performance of SPDs?

The installation of SPDs is often poorly understood. A good SPD, incorrectly installed, can prove of little benefit in real-life surge conditions. The very high rate-of-change of current, typical of a surge transient, will develop significant volt drops on the leads connecting the SPD to the panel or equipment being protected. This can mean higher than desired voltages reaching the equipment during such a surge condition. Prosurge suggests that measures to counteract this effect include locating the SPD so as to keep interconnecting lead lengths as short as possible, twisting these leads together. Using a heavier gauge AWG cable helps to some extent but this is only a second order effect. It is also important to keep protected and unprotected circuits and leads separate to avoid cross coupling of transient energy.

What is a practical surge rating for service entrance protection?

This is a difficult question and depends on many aspects including – site exposure, regional is okeraunic levels and utility supply. A statistical study of lightning strike probability reveals that the average lightning discharge is between 30 and 40kA, while only 10% of lightning discharges exceed 100kA. Given that a strike to a transmission feeder is likely to share the total current received into anumber of distribution paths, the reality of the surge current entering a facility can be very much less than that of the lightning strike which precipitate it. The ANSI/IEEE C62.41.1-2002 standard seeks to characterize the electrical environment at different locations throughout a facility. It defines the service entrance location as between a B and C environment, meaning that surge currents up to 10kA 8/20 can be experienced in such locations. This said,SPDs located in such environments are often rated above such levels to provide a suitable operating life expectancy, 100kA/phase being typical.

What are surges transients, and temporary over-voltages, and what are their typical characteristics?

Although often used as separate terms in the surge industry, Transients and Surges are the same phenomenon. Transients and Surges can be current, voltage, or both and can have peak values in excess of 10kA or 10kV. They are typically of very short duration (usually >10 µs & <1 ms), with a waveform that has a very rapid rise to the peak and then falls off at a much slower rate. Transients and Surges can be caused by external sources such as lightning or a short circuit, or from internal sources such as Contactor switching, Variable Speed Drives, Capacitor switching, etc. Temporary over voltages (TOVs) are oscillatory phase-to-ground or phase-to-phase over voltages that can last as little as a few seconds or as long as several minutes. Sources of TOV’s include fault reclosing, load switching, ground impedance shifts,single-phase faults and ferroresonance effects to name a few. Due to their potentially high voltage and long duration, TOV’s can be very detrimental to MOV-based SPD’s. An extended TOV can cause permanent damage to an SPD and render the unit inoperable. Note that while UL 1449 (3rd Edition) ensures that the SPD will not create a safety hazard under these conditions, SPDs are not designed to protect against TOVs.

Do SPDs protect against direct lightning strikes?

A direct lighting strike is the most powerful and difficult surge to protect against. Prosurge recommend that Proper grounding and bonding of the electrical system and employing proper surge protection can protect sensitive equipment. A SPD with a higher single surge current rating will perform best against this type of event, if the unit is properly installed and the grounding system is adequate.The maximum single withstand surge current rating is defined in IEEE SPD Standard C62.62.

What is Suppressed Voltage Rating (SVR) and Voltage Protection Rating (VPR)?

SVR was part of an earlier version of UL 1449 Edition and is no longer used in the UL 1449 standard. The SVR was replaced by VPR. VPR is part of the UL 1449 3rd Edition and is the clamping performance data for SPDs. Each SPD mode is subjected to a 6kV/3kA combination surge wave and its measured clamping value is rounded up to the nearest value based on table 63.1 from UL 1449 3rd Edition.

How are SPDs related to UL 96A?

UL 96A is the standard for Lightning Protection systems. For a building to meet UL 96A is must have a Type 1 SPD with a Nominal Discharge Current rating of 20kA installed at the service entrance.

How does a Type 1 SPD compare to a Type 2 SPD?

Some key differences between Type 1 and Type 2 SPDs are: External Overcurrent Protection. Type 2 SPDs may require external overcurrent protection or it may be included within the SPD. Type 1 SPDs generally include overcurrent protection within the SPD or other means to satisfy the requirements of the standard; thus, Type 1 SPDs and Type 2 SPDs that do not require external overcurrent protection devices eliminate the potential for installing an incorrectly rated (mismatched) overcurrent protection device with the SPD. Nominal Discharge Current Ratings. Available Nominal Discharge Current (In) ratings of Type 1 SPDs are 10 kA or 20 kA; whereas, Type 2 SPDs may have 3 kA , 5 kA, 10 kA or 20 kA Nominal Discharge Current ratings. UL 1283 EMI/RFI Filtering. Some UL 1449 Listed SPDs include filter circuits that have been evaluated as a UL 1283 (Standard for Electromagnetic Interference Filters) filter. These are complimentary UL Listed as a UL 1283 filter and a UL 1449 SPD. By definition and the scope of UL 1283, UL 1283 Listed filters are evaluated for load-side applications only, not line-side applications. Consequently, UL will not complimentary list a Type 1 SPD as a UL 1283 Listed filter. However, a Type 1 SPD might include a UL 1283 filter as a Recognized Component within a Listed Type 1 SPD, which has been fully evaluated for lineside usage. Manufacturers of such products generally offer the identical SPD as a Type 2 UL 1449 Listed SPD with complimentary Listing as a UL 1283 Listed filter. Capacitors. Capacitors utilized in Type 1 SPDs may be evaluated for safety differently than in Type 2 SPDs. All capacitors in Type 1 SPD applications are evaluated to UL 810 (Standard for Capacitors). This includes filtering capacitors referenced above in UL 1283 (Standard for Electromagnetic Interference Filters) applications. Capacitors in Type 2 SPDs are evaluated to UL 1414 (Standard for Capacitors and Suppressors for Radio- and Television-Type Appliances) and/or UL 1283 (Standard for Electromagnetic Interference Filters).

What are the UL SPD Type categories and what do they mean?

Type 1 SPDs (Listed) – Permanently connected, hard-wired SPDs intended for installation between the secondary of the service transformer and the line side of the main service equipment overcurrent protective device, as well as the load side of the main service equipment (i.e. Type 1’s can be installed anywhere within the distribution system). Type 1 SPDs include watt-hour meter socket enclosure type SPDs. Being on the line side of the service disconnect where there are no overcurrent protective devices to protect an SPD, Type 1 SPDs must be listed without the use of an external overcurrent protective device. The Nominal Discharge Current Rating for Type 1 SPDs is either 10kA or 20kA. Type 2 SPDs (Listed) – Permanently connected, hard-wired SPDs intended for installation on the load side of the main service equipment overcurrent protective device. These SPDs may also be installed at the main service equipment, but must be installed on the load side of the main service overcurrent protective device. Type 2 SPDs may or may not require an overcurrent protection device per their NRTL listing. If a specific overcurrent protection is required, the SPD’s NRTL listing file and labeling/instructions are required to note the size and type of overcurrent protective device. Note: In some cases the overcurrent protective device used can impact the nominal discharge rating of the SPD. For example, the SPD may have a 10 kA nominal discharge current rating when protected by a 30 Amp circuit breaker and a 20 kA nominal discharge current rating when protected by a different but specific make and model of overcurrent protection device. The Nominal Discharge Current Rating for Type 2 SPDs is 3 kA, 5 kA, 10 kA, or 20 kA. Type 3 SPDs (Listed) – These SPDs are called, ‘Point of Utilization SPDs’, which are to be installed at a minimum conductor length of 10 meter (30 feet) from the electrical service panel unless they are evaluated at Type 2 SPDs (that is, they receive a Nominal Discharge Current Rating of 3 kA minimum). Typically, these are cord-connected surge strips, direct plug-in SPDs, or receptacle-type SPDs installed at the utilization equipment being protected (i.e. computers, copy machines, etc.). Type 1, 2, 3 Component Assembly SPDs (Component Recognized) – These SPDs are intended to be factory installed into electrical distribution equipment or end-use equipment. These are Recognized Component SPDs evaluated for use in Type 1, 2 or 3 SPD applications. Such component SPDs must pass all the same electrical safety failure tests as listed Type 1, 2 or 3 SPDs. While these SPDs are 100% compliant from a safety failure testing point of view, these Type 1, 2 and 3 component assembly SPDs have conditions of acceptability such as exposed terminals or other mechanical construction that requires them to be installed or housed within a listed assembly to provide protection from exposure to live parts or other requirements. These Type 1, 2 or 3 Recognized Component SPDs should not be confused with ANSI/UL 1449-2006 Type 4 Component Assemblies and Type 5 discrete SPD components that require additional components (possibly safety disconnectors), design and testing in order to be used as a complete surge protective device. Type 4 Component Assembly SPD (Component Recognized) –– These component assemblies consist of one or more Type 5 SPD components together with a disconnector (integral or external) or a means of complying with the limited current tests in UL 1449, Section 39.4. These are incomplete SPD assemblies, which typically are installed in listed end-use products as long as all conditions of acceptability are met. These Type 4 component assemblies are incomplete as an SPD, require further evaluation and are not permitted to be installed in the field as a stand-alone SPD. Often, these devices require additional overcurrent protection. Type 5 SPD (Component Recognized) – Discrete component surge protection devices, such as MOVs that may be mounted on a printed wiring board, connected by its leads or provided within an enclosure with mounting means and wiring terminations. These Type 5 SPD components are incomplete as an SPD, require further evaluation and are not permitted to be installed in the field as a stand-alone SPD. Type 5 SPDs are generally the components used in the design and construction of complete SPDs or other SPD assemblies.

What is the UL Short Circuit Current Rating (SCCR)?

SSCR-Short Circuit Current Rating. The suitability of an SPD for use on an AC power circuit that is capable of delivering not more than a declared rms symmetrical current at a declared voltage during a short circuit condition. SCCR is not the same as AIC (Amp Interrupting Capacity). SCCR is the amount of “available”current that the SPD can be subjected to and safely disconnect from the power source under short circuit conditions. The amount of current “interrupted” by the SPD is typically significantly less than the “available” current. UL 1449 and the National Electric Code (NEC) require the SCCR (Short Circuit Current Rating) to be marked on all SPD units. It is not a surge rating, but the maximum allowable current a SPD can interrupt in the event of failure. The NEC/UL has a requirement that the SPD be tested and labelled with a SCCR equal to, or greater than the available fault current at that point in the system.

What is important when specifying SPD?

When specifying SPD, submit a clear, concise specification detailing the required performance and design features. A minimum specification should include: • UL surge rating • Suppression rating • Short circuit rating • Peak surge current per mode (L-N, L-G, and N-G) • voltage and configuration of electrical service

What is a Surge Protective Device or Surge Arrestor (SPD)?

SPD is a device designed to limit surge energy to electrical equipment. It does this by diverting or limiting surge current. An SPD is wired in parallel to the equipment it is intended to protect. Once the surge voltage exceeds its designed rating it “begins to clamp” and starts to conduct energy directly to the electrical grounding system. An SPD has a very low resistance during this time and “shorts” the energy to ground. Once the surge is over it “opens” up, so it does not trigger upstream circuit breakers.

FAQ - Prosurge

Q: Do SPDs protect against direct lightning strikes?

A direct lighting strike is the most powerful and difficult surge to protect against. Prosurge recommend that Proper grounding and bonding of the electrical system and employing proper surge protection can protect sensitive equipment. A SPD with a higher single surge current rating will perform best against this type of event, if the unit is properly installed and the grounding system is adequate.The maximum single withstand surge current rating is defined in IEEE SPD Standard C62.62.

E faapefea ona ou filifilia se SPD Prosurge talafeagai mo laʻu talosaga?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:34:33+08:00

E faapefea ona ou filifilia se SPD Prosurge talafeagai mo laʻu talosaga?

E ui lava ina matou taumafai i le mea sili matou te mafaia e ofoina atu se faʻamatalaga lautele, maeʻaeʻa o oloa i luga o la matou upega tafaʻilagi, faʻamaumauga ma isi pepa, matou te talitonu o le auala sili mo le filifilia o faʻataʻitaʻiga o le feutagai lea ma i matou ma ou manaʻoga ona fautuaina lea e le matou tagata tomai faapitoa se faʻataʻitaʻiga talafeagai.

O le a le ANSI / UL 1449 Tolu Faʻavae E TUSI IEC 61643-1 - Eseesega Autu I Suʻegafaʻaola2017-10-31T17:29:56+08:00

O le a le ANSI / UL 1449 Tolu Faʻavae E TUSI IEC 61643-1 - Eseesega Autu I Suʻega

O lo'o i lalo o lo'o su'esu'eina ni nai eseesega autu i le va o le Underwriters Laboratory's mana'omia su'ega mo masini e puipuia ai si'isi'i (SPDs); ANSI/UL 1449 Tolu Lomiga ma le International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) manaʻomia suʻega mo SPDs, IEC 61643-1.

Short Circuit Current Rating (SCCR): Le malosi o le taimi nei e mafai ai e le SPD faʻataʻitaʻi ona tatalia i faʻamau e fesoʻotaʻi, e aunoa ma le solia o le pa i soʻo se auala.

UL: Fa'ata'ita'i le oloa atoa i le fa'aluaina o le voltage fa'aigoaina e va'ai ai pe o lo'o tu'usa'o atoa le oloa. O le oloa atoa (e pei ona lafoina) ua tofotofoina; e aofia ai le u'amea u'amea varistors (MOVs).

IEC: Na'o le su'ega e va'ava'ai i fa'amau ma feso'ota'iga fa'aletino e iloa ai pe lava le malosi e taulima ai le fa'aletonu. MOV ua suia i se poloka apamemea ma o le fuse fautuaina a le gaosi oloa e tuu i totonu-laina (fafo i le masini).

Imax: Per IEC 61643-1 - O le maualuga o le tau o le taimi nei e ala i le SPD o loʻo i ai le 8/20 galu ma le maualuga e tusa ai ma le faʻasologa o suʻega o le vasega II suʻega tiute galue.

UL: E le iloa le mana'omia o se su'ega Imax.

IEC: O se su'ega fa'ata'amilosaga fa'agaioiga e fa'aaogaina e fa'aoso ai i se tulaga Imax (fa'atulaga e le gaosi oloa). O lona uiga o le sailia lea o "ituaso tauaso" i totonu o le mamanu pe a oʻo i se tulaga maualuga. E faia lea e fai ma su'ega o le ola po'o le malosi. E manaʻomia e le fuse ona tatalia le Imax, ma o le suʻega e siaki ai le faʻamautuina o le vevela o le SPD (pe a maeʻa taʻamilosaga taʻamilosaga taʻitasi e aumaia ai le SPD i le maualuga o le faʻaogaina o le voltage MCOV) ma lona tulaga faaletino.

Ou te fa'aigoaina: O le tau maualuga o le taimi nei e ala i le SPD o loʻo i ai le galu o loʻo i ai nei o le 8/20.

UL: O la'u su'ega fa'aigoa e tutusa ma le IEC, peita'i, o fa'ai'uga I nominal e le feso'ota'i i se tau Up (se tau fa'aoga fa'ava-o-malo mo fa'amaopoopo eletise). Nai lo lena, e fa'aaoga e le UL le I nominal e fa'amautu ai le Fa'ailoga Puipuiga o Voltage (VPR) o se oloa. E fa'atapula'aina tulaga ile maualuga ole 20 kA. Ole SPD o lo'o fa'aauau pea ona galue pe a mae'a le 15 fa'aoso.

IEC: E le fa'atapulaaina a'u su'ega i le 20kA, peita'i, ua fa'aaogaina e le gaosi oloa I le tulaga e maua ai se Up tau, o se tau e manatu o le puipuiga lea a le SPD. O lenei tau e faʻaaogaina mo le faʻamaopoopoina o le eletise (fuainumera o uaea fale, meafaigaluega).

O le mea lea o le sini a le tagata gaosi oloa o le taumafai lea e maua le maualuga o le Inominal maualuga ma le maualalo o taunuuga Up. O le tele o fale gaosi oloa e filifili e na'o le su'ega e oo i le 20 kA e foliga mai e maualalo le Up.

Vasega ma vaega

UL: UL Type designation ose nofoaga e iai se eseesega i le auala e suʻeina ai loʻu igoa (mo masini e maua ai le SCCR e manaʻomia ona faʻapipiʻi ma ola pe a faia laʻu suʻega numera).

IEC: Fa'ailoga nisi su'ega o se vasega I, II, po'o le III. Fa'ailoga vasega i le va o le I ma le II e fa'atatau i le tu'inanau fa'atatau - Vasega I; se su'ega I imp (10×350) ma se vasega II - 8 x 20 μs.

O le IEC o lo'o fa'ailogaina nisi o su'ega o se vasega I, II, po'o III ma e mafai ona fenumiai ma fa'ailoga I, II, III po'o IV a le UL. O lo'o i ai se fa'amaoniaga i le fa'ailoaina o le nofoaga fa'apipi'i fa'amaonia (UL) o le oloa ma le fa'aogaina o se fa'amalosi/gauolo malosi i na oloa o le a fa'apipi'i i nofoaga e sili atu le mamafa (IEC).

Galu: O se kalafi o se galu faʻamalosi e faʻaalia ai lona foliga ma suiga i le amplitude i le taimi.

UL: Iloaina le 8 x 20 μs galu.

IEC: O le IEC o loʻo tuʻufaʻatasia 2 galu i la latou suʻega, o le 8 x 20 μs lea e faʻaaogaina mo le vasega II suʻega e faʻatusalia ai siisii faʻaosoina i laina eletise. Ma le 10 x 350 μs waveform lea e faʻaaogaina mo le vasega I suʻega o loʻo faʻatusalia ai se vaega poʻo saʻo uila (ona o le fale poʻo le laina eletise).

E fa'afefea ona ou iloa po'o fea le masini puipui sa'o e tatau ona fa'apipi'i?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:28:05+08:00

E fa'afefea ona ou iloa po'o fea le masini puipui sa'o e tatau ona fa'apipi'i?

Filifilia sa'o sa'o pu'e pu'e(s) ose mea taua e fa'amautinoa ai le puipuiga sa'o o le fa'apipi'i. O se faiga e le lelei le fuafuaina o le Uila ma le Si'itia e mafai ona o'o atu ai i le matua tuai o le SPD ma le fa'aletonu o masini puipuia i totonu o le fa'apipi'iina e mafai ai ona fa'aleagaina le faiga muamua i luga o le vaitafe, ma fa'ato'ilaloina ai le mafuaaga o le puipuiga o lo'o fa'apipi'iina.

E le maua e le faʻasalaga se seti o tulafono ma taʻiala e lagolago ai le le lelei o mamanu o le puipuiga e tusa ai ma le talosaga. Ae peitaʻi matou te mulimulitai i tulaga faʻataʻitaʻia o le uila ma le UL. Faatasi ai ma lenei manatu, matou te tuʻuina atu se faʻapipiʻi faʻapipiʻi e pei ona faʻataatia i totonu o tulafono faʻavae, ae le o tulafono o le Suiga.

I totonu o le matata o mea tau pisinisi, o se faʻataʻitaʻiga masani o le faʻapipiʻiina lea o se poloketi puipuia o loʻo faʻavae i luga o nisi o masini puipuia e faʻapipiʻiina i laasaga eseese (LPZ). O le aoga o lenei fuafuaga, o le mea moni lea e mafai ai ona mafai ona gafatia le gafatia e latalata i le faitotoa ulufale faatasi ai ma le maualalo o le voltage (vaega o le puipuiga) i le autu o le faʻapipiʻiina o masini faʻapitoa.

O le mamanu o sea ituaiga puipuiga, e aofia ai isi tulaga, e faavae i luga o le iloiloga o faamatalaga e pei o le iai o se uila (Faʻasaoina o le Uila) ma le ituaiga o laina eletise e oʻo mai, meaaoga muamua ma faʻamaumauga faʻamaumauga.

O fofo o loʻo maua ai le puipuiga mai i luga o le Vaevaega poʻo le Tumau (TOV) poʻo le tetee ia i latou uma (T + P) i le taimi e tasi.

O le faaiuga mulimuli lava o le filifiliga o oloa e faʻatatau i faʻasologa e pei o: ituaiga o faʻapipiʻiina, ituaiga o vavaega fesoʻotaiga (faʻagaoioiga i le MCB poʻo le RCD), faʻaaogaina o le moto, talepeina gafatia, ma isi.

E masani lava ona mafai ona e faʻasino IEC61643- Laʻititi-male uila afi puipuiga - Vaega 12: Faʻapipiʻiina masini puipui fesoʻotaʻi i le maualalo-voltage voltage eletise -Filifiliga ma le faʻaaogaina o mataupu

E mafai e le uila ona faʻaumatia le faʻaogaina o le vailaʻau?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:26:31+08:00

E mafai e le uila ona faʻaumatia le faʻaogaina o le vailaʻau?

O faiga fa'akomepiuta e matua'i ma'ale'ale fa'atekonolosi ma o le fa'ao uila sa'o e mautinoa lava e fa'aumatia ai. O lo'o iai fo'i se isi fa'alavelave, ona o le uila e mafai ona fa'atupu ai le malosi o le eletise i tafatafa o le malosiaga o le la ma e mafai fo'i ona fa'aleaga le masini. O le inverter o le vaega muamua lea e manaʻomia ai le puipuiga. E masani lava, o le a tu'ufa'atasia e tagata fa'atauva'a ni puipuiga fa'aoso-voltage i totonu o latou fa'aliliu. Ae ui i lea, talu ai o nei vaega e naʻo le faʻamaloina o laʻititi laʻititi, e tatau ona e mafaufau e faʻaaoga masini puipuia (SPD) i mataupu taʻitasi.

O faʻatulagaga o le au taalo o se faʻamatalaga faʻapitoa mo le SPD?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:25:41+08:00

O faʻatulagaga o le au taalo o se faʻamatalaga faʻapitoa mo le SPD?

I aso ua tuanaʻi, o nisi tagata gaosi oloa na faʻaogaina le joule ratings i a latou faʻamatalaga. E le o se fa'ailoga lelei mo le fa'atinoga o le SPD ma e le o iloa e so'o se fa'alapotopotoga masani. E le lagolagoina foi e le Prosurge lenei faʻamatalaga.

O le "Taimi Tali" o se faʻamaoniga mautinoa?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:24:47+08:00

O le "Taimi Tali" o se faʻamaoniga mautinoa?

E le lagolagoina e so'o se fa'alapotopotoga fa'apitoa o lo'o va'aia Surge Protective Devices.IEEE C62.62 Standard Test Specification mo SPDs o lo'o ta'ua patino ai e le tatau ona fa'aaogaina e fai ma fa'amatalaga.

O a ituaiga eletise eseese o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le US ma o le a le puipuiga e manaʻomia mo taʻitasi?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:23:39+08:00

O a ituaiga eletise eseese o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le US ma o le a le puipuiga e manaʻomia mo taʻitasi?

O le faʻaaogaina o malosiaga ole US o se polokalama TN-CS. O lona uiga o le Neutral & Ground conductors e faʻapipiʻiina i le ulufale atu o le auʻaunaga taʻitasi, ma soʻo se mea, nofoaga poʻo se isi vaega o loʻo maua. O lona uiga o le faʻaoga puipui i totonu o le SPD i multi-mode ua faʻapipiʻiina i le laulau o le ulufale atu i le auaunaga e matua toe faʻaaogaina. E le gata i lea tulaga mai le NG, e pei o paranesi tufatufaina o paranesi, o le manaʻomia mo lenei faʻaopoopoga o le puipuiga e sili atu ona faʻamaonia. I le faaopoopo i le NG protection mode, o nisi SPDs e mafai ona aofia ai le laina-to-neutral (LN) ma le laina-laina-laina (LL) puipuiga. I luga o se vaega o le WYE e tolu, o le manaʻomia mo le LL puipuiga e fesiligia e pei o paleni LN paleni e maua ai foi se puipuiga o le LL conductors.
Suiga i le lomiga 2002 o le National Electrical Code® (NEC®) (www.nfpa.org) ua faʻasaina ai le faʻaaogaina o SPDs i luga o le komiti tufatufaina o malosiaga eletise. I tua atu o lenei faaupuga lautele, o le faamoemoe e le tatau ona fesoʻotaʻi SPDs i le LG e ala i le faia o nei ituaiga o puipuiga o loʻo faʻaputuina ni faʻapogai i le faiga faʻafefe. Auala o puipuiga e fesoʻotaʻi LL e mafai ona taliaina. O le eletise maualuga o le sima o se tino faʻavae ma o lea e mafai ai ona puipuia auala e fesoʻotaʻi ai LL ma LN poʻo LG.

E fa'afefea ona a'afia le fa'atinoina o SPDs?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:19:51+08:00

E fa'afefea ona a'afia le fa'atinoina o SPDs?

O le faʻapipiʻiina o SPD e masani ona le malamalama lelei. O se SPD lelei, e le sa'o fa'apipi'iina, e mafai ona fa'amaonia le itiiti o le manuia i tulaga moni o le si'itia. O le maualuga tele o suiga o le taimi nei, masani o se si'itaga le tumau, o le a atiaʻe ai le tele o pa'ū volt i luga o taʻitaʻi e faʻafesoʻotaʻi le SPD i le laulau poʻo meafaigaluega o loʻo puipuia. O lona uiga e maualuga atu nai lo voltage mana'omia e o'o atu i masini i le taimi o sea tulaga si'itia. Fai mai le Prosurge, o faiga e tetee atu ai i lenei aafiaga e aofia ai le suʻeina o le SPD ina ia faʻaauau le fesoʻotaʻi umi o taʻitaʻi i le puʻupuʻu e mafai ai, mimilo faʻatasi nei taʻitaʻi. O le fa'aaogaina o le uaea AWG e sili atu le mamafa e fesoasoani i nisi itu ae ua na'o se fa'atonuga lona lua. E taua fo'i le fa'atumauina o ta'amilosaga puipuia ma le le fa'asaoina ma ta'ita'i eseese ina ia 'alofia ai le so'oso'o fa'alava o le malosi le tumau.

O le a le fua fa'atatau o le si'isi'i fa'atino mo le puipuiga o le ulufale mai auaunaga?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:17:34+08:00

O le a le fua fa'atatau o le si'isi'i fa'atino mo le puipuiga o le ulufale mai auaunaga?

Ose fesili faigata lea ma e fa'alagolago i le tele o itu e aofia ai - fa'aalia i luga ole laiga, tulaga fa'aitulagi ole okeraunic ma sapalai fa'aoga. O se su'esu'ega fa'afuainumera o le fa'alavelave o le uila o lo'o fa'aalia ai o le averesi o le uila e i le va o le 30 ma le 40kA, ae na'o le 10% o le uila e sili atu i le 100kA. Talu ai ona o le fa'aoso i se fafaga fa'asalalau e ono fa'asoa le aofa'i o le au e maua i le aofa'i o ala fa'asoa, o le moni o le si'itia o le a'a o lo'o ulu atu i totonu o se fale e mafai ona matua itiiti ifo nai lo le uila e fa'aoso ai.

O le ANSI / IEEE C62.41.1-2002 faʻataʻitaʻiga e taumafai e faʻamaonia le siosiomaga eletise i nofoaga eseese i totonu o se fale. O lo'o fa'amatala ai le nofoaga e ulufale atu ai i totonu ole va ole B ma le C si'osi'omaga, o lona uiga e o'o atu i le 10kA 8/20 e mafai ona maua i ia nofoaga. Fai mai, o SPD o loʻo i totonu o ia siosiomaga e masani ona faʻamauina i luga aʻe o ia tulaga e maua ai se faʻamoemoega o le olaga faʻaogaina, 100kA / vaega e masani.

O le a le si'isi'i e le tumau, ma le ova-voltage le tumau, ma oa latou uiga masani?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:16:14+08:00

O le a le si'isi'i e le tumau, ma le ova-voltage le tumau, ma oa latou uiga masani?

E ui lava e masani ona faʻaaogaina o ni faaupuga eseese i le alamanuia siʻitia, Transients ma Surges o le mea lava e tasi. Transients ma Si'isi'i e mafai ona i ai nei, voltage, po'o mea uma e lua ma e mafai ona maualuga tau e sili atu i le 10kA po'o le 10kV. E masani ona pu'upu'u le umi (e masani lava >10 µs & <1 ms), fa'atasi ai ma se galu e fa'avavevave le oso a'e i le tumutumu ona pa'u ai lea i se fua fa'agesegese. Transients and Surges e mafai ona mafua mai i puna mai fafo e pei ole uila poʻo se taʻavale puʻupuʻu, poʻo mai i totonu e pei ole Faʻafesoʻotaʻi fesuiaʻi, Fesuiaiga Speed Drives, Capacitor switching, etc.

Le tumau i luga o voltages (TOVs) o oscillatory vaega-i-eleele po o le vaega-i-vaega i luga o voltages e mafai ona umi na o ni nai sekone pe umi foi nai minute. O fa'apogai o le TOV e aofia ai le toe tapuni fa'aletonu, fesuia'iga o uta, suiga o le eleele, fa'aletonu fa'atasi fa'atasi ma a'afiaga ferroresonance e ta'u mai ai ni nai mea. Ona o lo latou maualuga maualuga ma le umi o le umi, o le TOV e mafai ona matua afaina i le MOV-faʻavae SPD. O se TOV fa'alautele e mafai ona fa'aleagaina tumau ai se SPD ma fa'aletonu ai le iunite. Manatua e ui o le UL 1449 (3rd Edition) faʻamautinoa o le a le faia e le SPD se lamatiaga saogalemu i lalo o nei tulaga, e leʻo fuafuaina SPD e puipuia mai TOVs.

E puipuia e SPD mai fa'ao uila sa'o?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:13:42+08:00

E puipuia e SPD mai fa'ao uila sa'o?

O se moli tuusa'o o le si'i lea e sili ona malosi ma faigata ona puipuia. Ua fautuaina e le Prosurge le fa'atūina lelei ma le fa'apipi'iina o le faiga fa'aeletise ma le fa'aogaina lelei o le puipuiga o le oso e mafai ona puipuia ai masini ma'ale'ale. O se SPD faʻatasi ai ma le maualuga o le maualuga o le faʻasologa o loʻo i ai nei o le a sili ona lelei e faʻasaga i lenei ituaiga o mea na tupu, pe a faʻapipiʻi lelei le iunite ma faʻapipiʻi lelei le faʻavaeina o le eleele.

O le a le Fuainumera Fa'amauina o Voltage (SVR) ma Voltage Protection Rating (VPR)?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:10:31+08:00

O le a le Fuainumera Fa'amauina o Voltage (SVR) ma Voltage Protection Rating (VPR)?

O le SVR o se vaega o le lomiga muamua o le UL 1449 Edition ma e le o toe faʻaaogaina i le UL 1449 standard. O le SVR na suia i le VPR.

O le VPR o se vaega o le UL 1449 3rd Edition ma o le faʻapipiʻiina o faʻamatalaga faʻatinoga mo SPDs. O faiga SPD ta'itasi e fa'atatau i le galu fa'atupu fa'atasi 6kV/3kA ma o lona tau fa'amauina o lo'o fa'ata'amilo i le tau lata ane e fa'atatau ile laulau 63.1 mai le UL 1449 3rd Edition.

E fa'afefea ona feso'ota'i SPD ma le UL 96A?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:05:54+08:00

E fa'afefea ona feso'ota'i SPD ma le UL 96A?

UL 96A o le tulaga masani mo faiga Puipuia Uila. Mo se fale e fa'afeiloa'i UL 96A e tatau ona iai se Ituaiga 1 SPD fa'atasi ai ma le Fa'ailoga Fa'atonu Fa'atonu o le taimi nei o le 20kA fa'apipi'i ile faitoto'a o auaunaga.

E fa'afefea ona fa'atusatusa le Ituaiga 1 SPD i le Ituaiga 2 SPD?faʻaola2017-10-31T17:01:51+08:00

E fa'afefea ona fa'atusatusa le Ituaiga 1 SPD i le Ituaiga 2 SPD?

O nisi o eseesega taua i le va o Type 1 ma Type 2 SPDs o:

Puipuiga o Vave i fafo. Ituaiga 2 SPDs atonu e manaʻomia le ova mai fafo
puipuiga pe mafai ona aofia i totonu ole SPD. Type 1 SPDs e masani ona aofia ai
puipuiga ova i totonu ole SPD po'o isi auala e fa'amalieina ai mana'oga
o le tulaga; o lea, Type 1 SPDs ma Type 2 SPDs e le manaʻomia fafo
masini puipuiga ova'a fa'agata ai le ono mafai ona fa'apipi'i sese
fa'atatau (smatched) masini puipuiga ova ma le SPD.
Nominal Discharge Fa'amatalaga Fa'aagaoio. Avanoa Fa'aigoa Fa'asa'o Fa'ato'a (I totonu)
fua faatatau o ituaiga 1 SPDs e 10 kA poʻo 20 kA; ae, Type 2 SPDs atonu e 3
kA, 5 kA, 10 kA po'o le 20 kA Fa'atonu Fa'atonu Fa'atonuga o lo'o iai nei.
UL 1283 EMI/RFI Filifiliga. O nisi UL 1449 Lisi SPDs e aofia ai va'aiga faamama
lea na iloiloina o se UL 1283 (Tulaga mo Faʻalavelave Electromagnetic
Filters) faamama. O mea nei o UL Lisi fa'afetai o se UL 1283 faamama ma se UL
1449 SPD. I le faʻamatalaga ma le lautele o UL 1283, UL 1283 Lisi faʻamama o
su'esu'eina mo na'o fa'aoga i luga ole uta, ae le o fa'aoga i le laina.
O lea la, UL o le a le faʻamaonia le lisi o le Ituaiga 1 SPD o se UL 1283 Lisi.
faamama. Ae ui i lea, o le Ituaiga 1 SPD e mafai ona aofia ai se UL 1283 faamama e pei o se Fa'ailoaina
Vaega i totonu o le Lisi Ituaiga 1 SPD, lea ua maeʻa suʻesuʻeina mo laina laina
fa'aoga. E masani ona ofoina atu e le au gaosi oloa ia le SPD tutusa e pei o se
Ituaiga 2 UL 1449 Lisi SPD fa'atasi ai ma Lisi fa'afetai o se UL 1283 Lisi
faamama.
Pusa. Capacitors faʻaaogaina i le Ituaiga 1 SPDs e mafai ona iloiloina mo le saogalemu
e ese mai i ituaiga 2 SPDs. O capacitors uma ile Type 1 SPD applications e
Iloiloina i le UL 810 (Tulaga mo Capacitors). E aofia ai capacitors faamama
fa'asino i luga i le UL 1283 (Tulaga Fa'atonu mo Filifiliga Fa'alavelave Electromagnetic)
talosaga. Capacitors i Type 2 SPDs e iloiloina i le UL 1414 (Standard for
Capacitors ma Suppressors mo Leitio ma Televise-ituaiga Meafaigaluega) ma/poʻo
UL 1283 (Tulaga Fa'ata'atia mo Filifiliga Fa'alavelave Electromagnetic).

O le a le UL SPD Type categories ma o le a le uiga?faʻaola2017-10-31T16:58:48+08:00

O le a le UL SPD Type categories ma o le a le uiga?

Ituaiga 1 SPDs (Lisi) - Faʻafesoʻotaʻi tumau, SPDs faʻamalosi uaea faʻamoemoe mo
faʻapipiʻi i le va o le lona lua o le transformer auaunaga ma le itu laina o le autu
'au'aunaga meafaigaluega overcurrent puipuiga masini, fa'apea fo'i ma le uta uta o le autu
mea faigaluega tautua (ie ituaiga 1's e mafai ona fa'apipi'i i so'o se mea i totonu o le tufatufaina
faiga). Ituaiga 1 SPDs e aofia ai watt-hour mita socket ituaiga pa puipui SPDs. O le i ai i luga o le
laina laina o le auaunaga motusia i le mea e leai ni masini puipuia ova i
puipuia se SPD, Type 1 SPDs e tatau ona lisiina e aunoa ma le faʻaogaina o se faʻafefe i fafo
masini puipui. Ole Nominal Discharge Current Rating mo Ituaiga 1 SPDs ole
10kA poʻo le 20kA.

Ituaiga 2 SPDs (Lisi) - Faʻafesoʻotaʻi tumau, SPDs faʻamalosi uaea faʻamoemoe mo
fa'apipi'i i luga o le uta o le 'au'aunaga 'au'aunaga autu masini puipui ova.
E mafai fo'i ona fa'apipi'i nei SPDs i masini 'au'aunaga autu, ae tatau ona fa'apipi'i i luga
le uta vaega o le auaunaga autu overcurrent masini puipuia. Ituaiga 2 SPDs atonu pe ono
e le mana'omia se masini puipuia o'o atu i le latou lisi NRTL. Afai e patino
e mana'omia le puipuiga ova, le faila o le lisi o le NRTL a le SPD ma le fa'ailoga/fa'atonuga
e mana'omia le matauina o le lapo'a ma le ituaiga o masini puipuia o lo'o i luga. Manatua: I nisi
tulaga o le masini puipuia o lo'o fa'aaogaina e mafai ona a'afia ai le fua fa'atatau o le alu
le SPD. Mo se fa'ata'ita'iga, o le SPD e mafai ona i ai le 10 kA fa'ailoga fa'aleaogaina o lo'o iai nei
pe a puipuia e le 30 Amp circuit breaker ma le 20 kA nominal discharge current
fua fa'atatau pe'a puipuia e se fa'ailoga e ese ae fa'apitoa ma fa'ata'ita'iga o le ova
masini puipuia. Ole Fa'ailoga Fa'alele ile taimi nei mo ituaiga 2 SPD e 3 kA, 5
kA, 10 kA, poʻo le 20 kA.

Ituaiga 3 SPDs (Lisi) - O nei SPD e taʻua, 'Point of Utilization SPDs', lea e
fa'apipi'i ile umi ole ta'avale ole 10 mita (30 futu) mai le eletise
'au'aunaga se'i vagana ua iloiloina i latou ile Ituaiga 2 SPDs (o lona uiga, latou te mauaina se Nominal
Fa'ate'a Fa'atatau i le taimi nei o le 3 kA la'ititi). E masani lava, o nei mea o lo'o feso'ota'i uaea
fasipepa, SPDs fa'apipi'i sa'o, po'o SPDs ituaiga pusa fa'apipi'i i mea faigaluega fa'aoga.
puipuia (ie komepiuta, masini kopi, ma isi).

Ituaiga 1, 2, 3 Component Assembly SPDs (Vaega Faʻaalia) - O nei SPDs
fa'amoemoe e fa'apipi'i falegaosimea i masini fa'asoa eletise po'o le fa'aaogaina mulimuli
meafaigaluega. O SPD ia ua Fa'ailoaina Vaega ua iloiloina mo le fa'aoga ile Ituaiga 1, 2 po'o le 3
SPD talosaga. O ia vaega SPDs e tatau ona pasia uma le faaletonu o le saogalemu o le eletise
su'ega e pei ona lisiina Type 1, 2 po'o 3 SPDs. E ui o nei SPD e 100% fa'amalieina mai se saogalemu
Su'ega fa'aletonu manatu, o nei ituaiga 1, 2 ma le 3 vaega fa'apotopotoga SPDs iai
tu'utu'uga e talia e pei o fa'ailoga fa'aalia po'o isi faufale masini
e mana'omia ai ona fa'apipi'i pe fa'anofo i totonu o se fa'apotopotoga fa'asalalau e tu'uina atu ai le puipuiga
mai le faʻaalia i vaega ola poʻo isi manaʻoga. O nei ituaiga 1, 2 poʻo le 3 ua iloa
Vaega SPDs e le tatau ona fenumiai ma ANSI/UL 1449-2006 Ituaiga 4 Vaega
Fonotaga ma Ituaiga 5 vaega tu'ufa'atasi SPD e mana'omia vaega fa'aopoopo
(atonu o le saogalemu motumotu), mamanu ma suʻega ina ia mafai ona faʻaaogaina e avea o se faʻalavelave atoa
masini puipui.

Ituaiga 4 Component Assembly SPD (Vaega Fa'ailoaina) –– O vaega nei
fa'apotopotoga e aofia ai se tasi pe sili atu vaega Type 5 SPD fa'atasi ma se motumotu
(fa'atasi po'o fafo) po'o se auala e usita'ia ai su'ega fa'atapula'a o lo'o iai i le UL 1449,
Vaega 39.4. O fa'apotopotoga SPD e le'i mae'a, lea e masani ona fa'apipi'i i totonu
lisiina oloa ua maeʻa ona faʻaaogaina pe a oʻo i taimi uma e ausia ai tulaga uma o le taliaina. O nei ituaiga 4
e le maeʻa faʻasalalauga faʻapitoa e avea o se SPD, e manaʻomia se isi iloiloga ma e le o
faatagaina e faʻapipiʻi i le fanua o se SPD tu toʻatasi. E masani lava, e manaʻomia e nei masini
faʻaopoopoga o le puipuiga malu.

Ituaiga 5 SPD (Fa'aigoa Fa'aigoaina) – Va'aiga tu'ufa'atasia masini puipuia si'isi'i,
e pei o MOV e mafai ona faʻapipiʻi i luga o se laupapa uaea lolomi, fesoʻotaʻi i ona taʻitaʻia poʻo
tu'u i totonu o se pa puipui ma mea fa'apipi'i ma fa'amuta uaea. O Ituaiga
5 SPD vaega e le atoatoa e pei o se SPD, manaʻomia nisi iloiloga ma e leai
faʻatagaina e faʻapipiʻi i totonu o le fanua e avea o se SPD tutoʻatasi. Ituaiga 5 SPDs e masani lava o le
vaega o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le mamanu ma le fausiaina o SPD atoatoa poʻo isi SPD
potopotoga.

O le a le UL Short Circuit Current Rating (SCCR)?faʻaola2017-10-31T16:52:02+08:00

O le a le UL Short Circuit Current Rating (SCCR)?

SSCR-Pu'upu'u Va'aiga Fa'atatau i le taimi nei. Le fetaui lelei o le SPD mo le fa'aogaina i luga o le eletise AC lea e mafai ona tu'uina atu e le sili atu nai lo le fa'aalia rms symmetrical current i se voltage fa'aalia i le taimi o se fa'alavelave fa'afuase'i. SCCR e le tutusa ma le AIC (Amp Interrupting Capacity). O le SCCR o le aofaʻi o le "avanoa" o loʻo i ai nei e mafai ona tuʻuina atu le SPD ma motusia saogalemu mai le puna eletise i lalo o tulaga vavalalata. O le aofaʻi o le taimi nei "faʻalavelaveina" e le SPD e masani lava ona itiiti ifo nai lo le "avanoa" i le taimi nei.

UL 1449 ma le National Electric Code (NEC) e manaʻomia le SCCR (Short Circuit Current Rating) e faʻailogaina i iunite SPD uma. E le o se fua fa'atatau, ae o le maualuga fa'atagaina o lo'o iai nei e mafai e le SPD ona fa'alavelave pe a fa'aletonu. Ole NEC/UL o lo'o iai le mana'oga e fa'ata'ita'i le SPD ma fa'ailogaina ile SCCR tutusa, pe sili atu nai lo le fa'aletonu o lo'o avanoa ile taimi lea ile faiga.

O le a le mea taua pe a faʻamaonia SPD?faʻaola2017-10-31T16:31:39+08:00

O le a le mea taua pe a faʻamaonia SPD?

Pe a faʻamaonia le SPD, tuʻuina atu se faʻamatalaga manino, maʻoti e faʻamatala auʻiliʻili ai le faʻatinoga manaʻomia ma le mamanu. Ole fa'amatalaga aupito maualalo e tatau ona aofia ai:

• UL si'itia fua

• Fa'atonuga fa'aletonu

• Fa'ailoga ta'amilosaga pupuu

• Si'i maualuga i le taimi nei i le faiga (LN, LG, ma NG)

• voltage ma le fa'atulagaina o auaunaga tau eletise

O le a le mea e ta'u o le Surge Protective Device poʻo le Surge Arrestor (SPD)?faʻaola2017-10-31T16:30:05+08:00

O le a le mea e ta'u o le Surge Protective Device poʻo le Surge Arrestor (SPD)?

O le SPD o se masini ua fuafuaina e faʻatapulaʻa le malosi o le malosi i masini eletise. E faia lenei mea e ala i le faʻafefe poʻo le faʻatapulaʻaina o le taimi nei. O le SPD o lo'o feso'ota'i fa'atasi ma masini e fa'amoemoe e puipuia. O le taimi lava e sili atu ai le maualuga o le voltage i luga o lona fua faʻatatau e "amata ona pipii" ma amata ona faʻatautaia saʻo le malosi i le eletise eletise. O le SPD e matua maualalo le tete'e i lenei taimi ma "pu'upu'u" le malosi i le eleele. O le taimi lava e uma ai le si'itia e "tatala" i luga, o lea e le faʻaosoina ai le vaeluaga o vaʻa.